Kapitel 6. Landnutzungsentscheidungen: Klimawandelrelevante Strategien, Steuerungsinstrumente und Managementansätze

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Author(s): Jill Jäger , Ika Darnhofer , Karin Dobernig , Claudia Kettner-Marx , Georg Leitinger , Ina Meyer , Markus Scharler , Franz Sinabell , Gerlind Weber

Publication date (Online): April 10 2024

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Zusammenfassung

Landnutzungsentscheidungen werden unter anderem auf Grund der Knappheit der Landfläche bzw. der Knappheit des Bodens und der vom Boden zur Verfügung gestellten Leistungen (z. B. bereitstellende, regulierende und kulturelle Ökosystemleistungen; Box 1.2 Abschn. 3.5) getroffen. Bei vielen Entscheidungen können nicht alle Nutzungsansprüche erfüllt werden. Die Entscheidungen werden individuell (z. B. durch Wahl des Wohnstandorts) und kollektiv (z.B. Ressourcen-, Energie- und Infrastrukturpolitik) getroffen. Auch die Unterlassung flächensparender oder klimafreundlicher Entscheidungen und das Dulden umweltkontraproduktiver Subventionen können die Landnutzung beeinflussen.

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Food in the Anthropocene: the EAT–Lancet Commission on healthy diets from sustainable food systems

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Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers

T Nemecek, J Poore (2018)

Food's environmental impacts are created by millions of diverse producers. To identify solutions that are effective under this heterogeneity, we consolidated data covering five environmental indicators; 38,700 farms; and 1600 processors, packaging types, and retailers. Impact can vary 50-fold among producers of the same product, creating substantial mitigation opportunities. However, mitigation is complicated by trade-offs, multiple ways for producers to achieve low impacts, and interactions throughout the supply chain. Producers have limits on how far they can reduce impacts. Most strikingly, impacts of the lowest-impact animal products typically exceed those of vegetable substitutes, providing new evidence for the importance of dietary change. Cumulatively, our findings support an approach where producers monitor their own impacts, flexibly meet environmental targets by choosing from multiple practices, and communicate their impacts to consumers.