Review of '<b>Why do spacecraft always experience a </b> <b>black-out area</b> <b> that disrupts communications when they return to Earth?</b>'

Article: Why do spacecraft always experience a blackout area that interrupts communications when they return to Earth?

The author has improved the previous version of the article but has not yet completely resolved some critical issues in his work.

The article written in its current form continues to lack some essential references to consider this theory complete. Some statements are a priori hypotheses without theoretical or experimental evidence. It is my opinion that the author could rework the article again by inserting references where necessary that give a more solid aspect to the work and where the basis of the work is not demonstrated, clearly highlight that the result obtained is only a speculation that needs to be demonstrated experimentally.

Critical Issues:
- The Ether considered by the author is different from the Dirac sea, it is necessary to clarify its differences and properties.
- In Reference [5] the existence of the aether is introduced as if it were a proven fact.
- It is true that in cosmic space there is a gas and an intergalactic matter that move differently with respect to each observer but this is not to be considered the ether presented by the author, so it is necessary to explain it better.
- Michelson and Morley's experiment highlighted that the aether does not exist, why does the author consider the dragging of the aether?
- The constancy of the speed of light is the first principle of special relativity, if the author wants to explain the constancy of c in other ways he cannot assume the Lorentz transformations as true, because they are obtained by Lorentz to justify the failure of the Michelson-Morley experiment who assumed the wind of the ether as true and Einstein as a consequence of the assumption of the constancy of the speed of light. If the author wants to obtain modified transformations he must better justify the procedure.
- Is the function f(rho) defined empirically? If its expression is justified, its origins are not defined. How much is this for Earth's blackout region?
- Why didn't unmanned spacecraft like Voyager and Pioneer experience blackouts during their flight to the edge of the solar system and beyond?
- Why were transmissions with the astronauts never interrupted during the 1969 moon landing?
-The author should explain the above questions using his theory.

Many thanks to the reviewer for his detailed review of this article and his valuable suggestions for revision. Below are the author' answers to the reviewer' questions and suggestions (See italics and bolded paragraphs).

Based solely on the article presented, two different questions emerge. First of all, the function f(rho) that modifies the Lorentz factor v/c is not adequately justified, as its physical-mathematical form does not seem to derive from any reasoning presented or previously published article. In my opinion a paragraph should be added to adequately motivate the issue.

Answer to The above question:

The function f(ρ) modifying the Lorentz factor v/c is a conjecture first proposed. There is a preliminary conjecture about the mathematical form of this function on the second page of the article. I have nothing more to say about the mathematical form of this function at this time..

Secondly, the author is based on a previous article reported in ref. [5] which refers to a new vision of the concept of ether. In this case the concept of ether seems to be fundamental for the development of the theory but it is mentioned and not adequately taken up in its fundamental parts to help the reader understand the physical choices made. Everything else follows correctly and accordingly.

Answer to The above question:

In Section 2.1 of reference [5], The Physical Mechanism of Constancy of Light Velocity, the author puts forward a new aether theory, which is as follows:

1) The cosmic space is full of ether (background energy), and ether is also the

medium in which light waves travel.

2) All fields (gravitational field, electromagnetic field, strong interaction field

and weak interaction field etc.) contain and compress ether (energy).

3) Each particle or object carries an etheric layer (sphere of influence) that

surrounds and moves with it.

It should be emphasized that the new Etheric theory believes that energy is the most basic substance that constitutes the universe (all matter and space-time), and this most basic substance is the ether.

The above discussion of aether has been added to this article. For details, see The modifications of Lorentz factor and Lorentz transformations.

Finally, the statement in lines 4-5 on page 2 is very strong and should be clarified better as there are many works that deal with the ether with its properties and just as many works that deny its properties in favor of a purely relativistic concept.
In conclusion, the author should clarify these points better to be sure that his conclusions are based on concrete physical phenomena.

The answer to the above question:

Because the density of the Martian air is less than 1% of that of the Earth, and the initial velocity of the blackout produced by the Mars lander is smaller than that of the Earth's return module, which fully indicates that the blackout of the Mars lander is not caused by the high-temperature plasma sheath. In addition, the relativistic effect is related to the choice of the observer's frame of reference, and the generation of the blackout is unrelated to the choice of the observer's frame of reference, so the blackout phenomenon is not caused by relativistic effects. The above facts give strong support to the thesis.