A TAXONOMY OF JIHAD

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Arab Studies Quarterly

Volume 31, Issue 3

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A TAXONOMY OF JIHAD

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Author(s): Manzar Zaidi

Publication date (Print): 1 July 2009

Journal: Arab Studies Quarterly

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Journal ID (jstor): arabstudquar

Journal ID (doi): 10.2307/j50005550

Title: Arab Studies Quarterly

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Print): 02713519

Publication date (Print): 1 July 2009

Volume: 31

Issue: 3

Pages: 21-34

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DOI: 10.2307/41858583

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ENDNOTES

The Quran 4:95.Similar are 9(41, 81, 88).
Khaled Abou El Fadl, "Islam and the Theology of Power," Middle East Report, No. 221, (winter, 2001), 29. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1559337.
Armstrong, Karen, Battle for God: Fundamentalism in Judaism, Christianity & Islam (USA: Random House, 2000).
Michael Scheuer, Imperial Hubris (Virginia: Brassey's, 2004), 7- 8.
El Fadl, 2001
Khaled Abou El Fadl, "Islamic Law and Muslim Minorities: The Juristic Discourse on Muslim Minorities from the Second/Eighth to the Eleventh/Seventeenth Centuries," Journal of Islamic Law and Society 22/1 (1994).
Khaled Abou El Fadl, "The Rules of Killing at War: An Inquiry into Classical Sources," The Muslim World 89 (1999).
El Fadl, 2001.
Ibid.
El Fadl, 2001, 31.
El Fadl, 2001, 31.
Bin Laden, Osama. Messages to the World: The Statements of Osama bin Laden, ed. Bruce Lawrence, Trans. James Howarth (London, Verso Press, 2005), 61.
The Quran, 2:193 and 8:39.
Lawrence and Howarth 2005, 117.
Lt. Col. Jonathan D. Halevi, "Al-Qaeda's Intellectual Legacy: New Radical Islamic Thinking Justifying the Genocide of Infidels," Jerusalem Viewpoints, No.508, December 2003; http://www.jcpa.org/j1/vp508.htm.
Amir Taheri, "The Death of bin Ladenism," New York Times, 11 July 2002.
Khaled M. Abou El Fadl, Conference of the Books: The Search for Beauty in Islam (Lanham and Oxford: University Press of America, 2001), xvii.
Tamara Albertini, "The Seductiveness of Certainty: The Destruction of Islam's Intellectual Legacy by the Fundamentalists," Philosophy East and West, Vol. 53, No. 4, (Oct., 2003), p. 462. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1399978. Majid Khadduri, Al-Shafi'I's Risala, 84-87.
Ibid., p.463. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/binladen/who/interview.html. 5.
Ibid. http://www.ict.org.il/spotlight/det.cfrn?id=716, 2.
Ibid., 464.
University of Chicago Press: Fundamentalisms Observed (1991), Fundamentalisms and Society (1993), Fundamentalisms and the State (1993), Accounting for Fundamentalisms (1994), Fundamentalisms Comprehended (1995).
The News, 7 July 2008. http://thenews.jang.com.pk/arc_default.asp.
Ibid.
The News, 9 July 2008. http://thenews.iang.com.pk/ arc_news.asp?id=8.

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[1] The Quran 4:95.Similar are 9(41, 81, 88).

[2] Khaled Abou El Fadl, "Islam and the Theology of Power," Middle East Report, No. 221, (winter, 2001), 29. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1559337.

[3] Armstrong, Karen, Battle for God: Fundamentalism in Judaism, Christianity & Islam (USA: Random House, 2000).

[4] Michael Scheuer, Imperial Hubris (Virginia: Brassey's, 2004), 7- 8.

[5] El Fadl, 2001

[6] Khaled Abou El Fadl, "Islamic Law and Muslim Minorities: The Juristic Discourse on Muslim Minorities from the Second/Eighth to the Eleventh/Seventeenth Centuries," Journal of Islamic Law and Society 22/1 (1994).

[7] Khaled Abou El Fadl, "The Rules of Killing at War: An Inquiry into Classical Sources," The Muslim World 89 (1999).

[8] El Fadl, 2001.

[9] Ibid.

[10] El Fadl, 2001, 31.

[11] El Fadl, 2001, 31.

[12] Bin Laden, Osama. Messages to the World: The Statements of Osama bin Laden, ed. Bruce Lawrence, Trans. James Howarth (London, Verso Press, 2005), 61.

[13] The Quran, 2:193 and 8:39.

[14] Lawrence and Howarth 2005, 117.

[15] Lt. Col. Jonathan D. Halevi, "Al-Qaeda's Intellectual Legacy: New Radical Islamic Thinking Justifying the Genocide of Infidels," Jerusalem Viewpoints, No.508, December 2003; http://www.jcpa.org/j1/vp508.htm.

[16] Amir Taheri, "The Death of bin Ladenism," New York Times, 11 July 2002.

[17] Khaled M. Abou El Fadl, Conference of the Books: The Search for Beauty in Islam (Lanham and Oxford: University Press of America, 2001), xvii.

[18] Tamara Albertini, "The Seductiveness of Certainty: The Destruction of Islam's Intellectual Legacy by the Fundamentalists," Philosophy East and West, Vol. 53, No. 4, (Oct., 2003), p. 462. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1399978. Majid Khadduri, Al-Shafi'I's Risala, 84-87.

[19] Ibid., p.463. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/binladen/who/interview.html. 5.

[20] Ibid. http://www.ict.org.il/spotlight/det.cfrn?id=716, 2.

[21] Ibid., 464.

[22] University of Chicago Press: Fundamentalisms Observed (1991), Fundamentalisms and Society (1993), Fundamentalisms and the State (1993), Accounting for Fundamentalisms (1994), Fundamentalisms Comprehended (1995).

[23] The News, 7 July 2008. http://thenews.jang.com.pk/arc_default.asp.

[24] Ibid.

[25] The News, 9 July 2008. http://thenews.iang.com.pk/ arc_news.asp?id=8.

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