Health System in Transition in India: Journey from State Provisioning to Privatization

Hooda, Shailender Kumar

doi:10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.11.4.0506

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World Review of Political Economy

Volume 11, Issue 4

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Is Open Access

Health System in Transition in India: Journey from State Provisioning to Privatization

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Author(s): Shailender Kumar Hooda

Publication date (Print): 1 December 2020

Journal: World Review of Political Economy

Publisher: Pluto Journals

Keywords: neoliberalism in health, health system transition, privatization, health insurance

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Abstract

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (doi): 10.2307/j50005553

Journal ID (jcode): worlrevipoliecon

Title: World Review of Political Economy

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN: 2042-891X

ISSN: 2042-8928

Publication date (Print): 1 December 2020

Volume: 11

Issue: 4 ( doiID: 10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.11.issue-4 )

Pages: 506-532

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Publisher ID: worlrevipoliecon.11.4.0506

DOI: 10.13169/worlrevipoliecon.11.4.0506

SO-VID: a520b1e5-5a36-4d63-ac3e-9428f84c7346

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Political economics

Keywords: privatization,health insurance,neoliberalism in health,health system transition

References

Bhore Committee. 1946. The Report of Health Survey and Development Committee (Bhore Committee) 1946, vols.1, 2 and 3. Kolkata: Government of India. Accessed May 23, 2020. https://www.nhp.gov.in/bhore-committee-1946_pg.
Das, J., and J. Leino. 2011. “Evaluating the RSBY: Lessons from an Experimental Information Campaign.” Economic & Political Weekly 46 (32): 85–93.
Devadasan, N., T. Seshadri, M. Trivedi, and B. Criel. 2013. “Promoting Universal Financial Protection: Evidence from the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) in Gujarat, India.” Health Research and Policy System, no. 11: 1–29.
Fan, V. Y., A. Karan, and A. Mahal. 2012. “State Health Insurance and Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures in Andhra Pradesh, India.” International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics 12 (3): 189–215.
Fisk, M. 2000. “Neoliberalism and the Slow Death of Public Healthcare in Mexico.” Journal of Socialism and Democracy 14 (1): 63–84.
Ghosh, S. 2010. “Catastrophic Payments and Impoverishment due to Out-of-Pocket Health Spending: The Effects of Recent Health Sector Reforms in India.” Asia Health Policy Program, working paper no. 15, July.
Ghosh, S., and N. D. Gupta. 2017. “Targeting and Effects of Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana on Access to Care and Financial Protection.” Economic & Political Weekly LII (4): 61–70.
GOI (Government of India). 1983. “First National Health Policy.” Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi.
GOI (Government of India). 1986–1987. “The Key Indicators of Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 42nd 1986–87.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI. (Government of India). 1995–1996. “The Key Indicators of Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 52nd 1995–96.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2001–2002. “57th Round on Services Sector Enterprises Survey.” National Sample Survey Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2002. “Second National Health Policy.” Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.
GOI. (Government of India). 2004–2005. “The Key Indicators of Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 60th 2004–05.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2005–2006. “63rd Round on Services Sector Enterprises Survey.” National Sample Survey Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2005–2012. “Meeting People's Health Needs in Rural Areas: Framework for Implementation 2005–2012.” National Rural Health Mission, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2008. “Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) Operational Manual.” Ministry of Labour & Employment, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2010–2011. “67th Round on Services Sector Enterprises Survey.” National Sample Survey Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2011. “High Level Expert Group Report on Universal Health Coverage for India: Instituted by Planning Commission of India.” Government of India, New Delhi. Accessed May 23, 2020. http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/genrep/rep_uhc0812.pdf.
GOI. (Government of India). 2014. “The Key Indicators on Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 71st 2014.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2016. “Report of Sixth Economic Census.” Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Central Statistical Office, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2017. “Third National Health Policy.” Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.
GOI. (Government of India). 2017–2018. “The Key Indicators of Social Consumption in India: Health, Rounds Number 75th 2017–18.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.
GOI (Government of India). 2020. “Fact Sheet on Foreign Direct investment (FDI).” Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.
Hooda, S. K. 2015. “Health Insurance, Health Access and Financial Risk Protection.” Economic & Political Weekly 50 (50): 63–72.
Hooda, S. K. 2017. “Health Payments and Household Well-Being: How Effective Are Health Policy Interventions?” Economic & Political Weekly 52 (16): 54–65.
Hooda, S. K. 2020. “Penetration and Coverage of Government-Funded Health Insurance Schemes in India.” Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, no. 8: 1017–1033.
Karan, A., S. Selvaraj, and A. Mahal. 2014. “Moving to Universal Coverage? Trends in the Burden of Out-of-Pocket Payments for Health Care across Social Groups in India, 1999–2000 to 2011–2012.” PLOS ONE 9 (8): e105162.
Karan, A., W. Yip, and A. Mahal. 2017. “Extending Health Insurance to the Poor in India: An Impact Evaluation of Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana on Out-of-Pocket Spending for Healthcare.” Social Science & Medicine, no. 181: 83–92.
Mukhopadhyay, I., S. Selvaraj, S. Sharma, and P. Datta. 2015. “Changing Landscape of Private Healthcare Providers in India.” Paper presented at International Public Policy Association Conference, July 1–4, in Milan, Italy.
Qadeer, I. 2013. “Universal Health Care in India: Panacea for Whom?” Indian Journal of Public Health 57 (4): 225–230.
Rajasekhar, D., E. Berg, M. Ghatak, R. Manjula, and S. Roy. 2011. “Implementing Health Insurance: The Roll-Out of Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana in Karnataka.” Economic & Political Weekly 46 (20): 56–63.
Rathi, P., A. Mukherji, and G. Sen. 2012. “Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana: Evaluating Utilisation, Roll-Out and Perceptions in Amaravati District, Maharashtra.” Economic & Political Weekly 47 (39): 57–64.
Roy, S. 2016. “Faltering Manufacturing Growth and Employment: Is ‘Making' the Answer?” Economic & Political Weekly 51 (13): 35–42.
Sen, G. 2012. “Universal Health Coverage in India: A Long and Winding Road.” Economic & Political Weekly 47 (8): 45–52.
The American Interest. 2016. “Monopolists Are Taking Over American Healthcare.” September 29. https://www.the-american-interest.com/2016/09/29/monopolists-are-taking-over-american-healthcare/.
WHO (World Health Organization). 1978. “Primary Health Care, Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care, Alma Ata, USSR, 6–12 September 1978.” https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/39228.
WHO. 2010. The World Health Report: Health System Financing: The Path to Universal Coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization.
WHO. 2013. The World Health Report 2013: Research for Universal Health Coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization.
World Bank. 1993. World Development Report 1993: Investing in Health. New York: Oxford University Press.
World Bank. 2001. “India: Raising the Sights: Better Health Systems for India's Poor.” World Bank Report no. 22304. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Bhore Committee. 1946. The Report of Health Survey and Development Committee (Bhore Committee) 1946, vols.1, 2 and 3. Kolkata: Government of India. Accessed May 23, 2020. https://www.nhp.gov.in/bhore-committee-1946_pg.

[2] Das, J., and J. Leino. 2011. “Evaluating the RSBY: Lessons from an Experimental Information Campaign.” Economic & Political Weekly 46 (32): 85–93.

[3] Devadasan, N., T. Seshadri, M. Trivedi, and B. Criel. 2013. “Promoting Universal Financial Protection: Evidence from the Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) in Gujarat, India.” Health Research and Policy System, no. 11: 1–29.

[4] Fan, V. Y., A. Karan, and A. Mahal. 2012. “State Health Insurance and Out-of-Pocket Health Expenditures in Andhra Pradesh, India.” International Journal of Health Care Finance and Economics 12 (3): 189–215.

[5] Fisk, M. 2000. “Neoliberalism and the Slow Death of Public Healthcare in Mexico.” Journal of Socialism and Democracy 14 (1): 63–84.

[6] Ghosh, S. 2010. “Catastrophic Payments and Impoverishment due to Out-of-Pocket Health Spending: The Effects of Recent Health Sector Reforms in India.” Asia Health Policy Program, working paper no. 15, July.

[7] Ghosh, S., and N. D. Gupta. 2017. “Targeting and Effects of Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana on Access to Care and Financial Protection.” Economic & Political Weekly LII (4): 61–70.

[8] GOI (Government of India). 1983. “First National Health Policy.” Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi.

[9] GOI (Government of India). 1986–1987. “The Key Indicators of Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 42nd 1986–87.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[10] GOI. (Government of India). 1995–1996. “The Key Indicators of Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 52nd 1995–96.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[11] GOI (Government of India). 2001–2002. “57th Round on Services Sector Enterprises Survey.” National Sample Survey Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[12] GOI (Government of India). 2002. “Second National Health Policy.” Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.

[13] GOI. (Government of India). 2004–2005. “The Key Indicators of Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 60th 2004–05.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[14] GOI (Government of India). 2005–2006. “63rd Round on Services Sector Enterprises Survey.” National Sample Survey Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[15] GOI (Government of India). 2005–2012. “Meeting People's Health Needs in Rural Areas: Framework for Implementation 2005–2012.” National Rural Health Mission, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.

[16] GOI (Government of India). 2008. “Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana (RSBY) Operational Manual.” Ministry of Labour & Employment, Government of India.

[17] GOI (Government of India). 2010–2011. “67th Round on Services Sector Enterprises Survey.” National Sample Survey Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[18] GOI (Government of India). 2011. “High Level Expert Group Report on Universal Health Coverage for India: Instituted by Planning Commission of India.” Government of India, New Delhi. Accessed May 23, 2020. http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/genrep/rep_uhc0812.pdf.

[19] GOI. (Government of India). 2014. “The Key Indicators on Health and Morbidity Survey, Rounds Number 71st 2014.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[20] GOI (Government of India). 2016. “Report of Sixth Economic Census.” Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Central Statistical Office, Government of India.

[21] GOI (Government of India). 2017. “Third National Health Policy.” Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi.

[22] GOI. (Government of India). 2017–2018. “The Key Indicators of Social Consumption in India: Health, Rounds Number 75th 2017–18.” National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation, Government of India.

[23] GOI (Government of India). 2020. “Fact Sheet on Foreign Direct investment (FDI).” Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India.

[24] Hooda, S. K. 2015. “Health Insurance, Health Access and Financial Risk Protection.” Economic & Political Weekly 50 (50): 63–72.

[25] Hooda, S. K. 2017. “Health Payments and Household Well-Being: How Effective Are Health Policy Interventions?” Economic & Political Weekly 52 (16): 54–65.

[26] Hooda, S. K. 2020. “Penetration and Coverage of Government-Funded Health Insurance Schemes in India.” Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health, no. 8: 1017–1033.

[27] Karan, A., S. Selvaraj, and A. Mahal. 2014. “Moving to Universal Coverage? Trends in the Burden of Out-of-Pocket Payments for Health Care across Social Groups in India, 1999–2000 to 2011–2012.” PLOS ONE 9 (8): e105162.

[28] Karan, A., W. Yip, and A. Mahal. 2017. “Extending Health Insurance to the Poor in India: An Impact Evaluation of Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana on Out-of-Pocket Spending for Healthcare.” Social Science & Medicine, no. 181: 83–92.

[29] Mukhopadhyay, I., S. Selvaraj, S. Sharma, and P. Datta. 2015. “Changing Landscape of Private Healthcare Providers in India.” Paper presented at International Public Policy Association Conference, July 1–4, in Milan, Italy.

[30] Qadeer, I. 2013. “Universal Health Care in India: Panacea for Whom?” Indian Journal of Public Health 57 (4): 225–230.

[31] Rajasekhar, D., E. Berg, M. Ghatak, R. Manjula, and S. Roy. 2011. “Implementing Health Insurance: The Roll-Out of Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana in Karnataka.” Economic & Political Weekly 46 (20): 56–63.

[32] Rathi, P., A. Mukherji, and G. Sen. 2012. “Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana: Evaluating Utilisation, Roll-Out and Perceptions in Amaravati District, Maharashtra.” Economic & Political Weekly 47 (39): 57–64.

[33] Roy, S. 2016. “Faltering Manufacturing Growth and Employment: Is ‘Making' the Answer?” Economic & Political Weekly 51 (13): 35–42.

[34] Sen, G. 2012. “Universal Health Coverage in India: A Long and Winding Road.” Economic & Political Weekly 47 (8): 45–52.

[35] The American Interest. 2016. “Monopolists Are Taking Over American Healthcare.” September 29. https://www.the-american-interest.com/2016/09/29/monopolists-are-taking-over-american-healthcare/.

[36] WHO (World Health Organization). 1978. “Primary Health Care, Report of the International Conference on Primary Health Care, Alma Ata, USSR, 6–12 September 1978.” https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/39228.

[37] WHO. 2010. The World Health Report: Health System Financing: The Path to Universal Coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization.

[38] WHO. 2013. The World Health Report 2013: Research for Universal Health Coverage. Geneva: World Health Organization.

[39] World Bank. 1993. World Development Report 1993: Investing in Health. New York: Oxford University Press.

[40] World Bank. 2001. “India: Raising the Sights: Better Health Systems for India's Poor.” World Bank Report no. 22304. Washington, DC: World Bank.