Offshoring Danish jobs to Germany: regional effects and challenges to workers&apos; organisation in the slaughterhouse industry

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Offshoring Danish jobs to Germany: regional effects and challenges to workers' organisation in the slaughterhouse industry

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Author(s): Bjarke Refslund

Publication date (Print): Autumn 2012

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Title: Work Organisation, Labour and Globalisation

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Publication date (Print): Autumn 2012

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Pages: 113-129

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References

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Baldwin, R. (2006). Globalisation: the great unbundling(s) , Helsinki: Prime Ministers office/Economic Council of Finland.
Banyuls, J. & T. Haipeter (2010) ‘Against erosion of labour standards: global reorganisation of value chains and industrial relations in European motor industry’, Work organisation, labour & globalisation , 4(1):57–70.
Bhagwati, J. (1995) Trade and wages: choosing among alternative explanations. FRBNY Economic Policy Review:42–47.
Blinder, A. S. (2006) ‘Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution?’, Foreign Affairs , 85(2):113–128.
Bonoli, G., V. George & P. Taylor-Gooby (2000) European welfare futures: towards a theory of retrenchment , Oxford: Polity Press.
Burr, H. (2006) Arbejdsmiljø i Danmark 2005 , København: Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet.
Bücker, A. & W. Warneck (2010) Viking – Laval – Rüffert: Consequences and policy perspectives , Bruxelles: ETUI.
Carley, M. (2010) Developments in industrial action 2005–2009 , Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
Crinó, R. (2009) ‘Offshoring, Multinationals and Labour Market: A Review of the Empirical Literature’ Journal of Economic Surveys , 23(2):197–249.
Danish Crown Annual Report (several years) Published by Danish Crown, Randers.
Danish Working Environment Authority (2010) Arbejdsulykker. Anmeldte arbejdsulykker 2004–09: Arbejdstilsynets årsopgørelse 2009 , København: Arbejdstilsynet.
Davidson, C. & S.J. Matusz (2008) ‘Globalisation and Turnover’, D. Greenaway, R. Upward, & P. Wright (eds) Globalisation and Labour Market Adjustment , Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan: 6–30
Doellgast, V. & I. Greer (2007) ‘Vertical Disintegration and the Disorganization of German Industrial Relations’, British Journal of Industrial Relations , 45(1):55–76.
Due, J. & J. S. Madsen (2004) Forskningsnotat nr. 47: Overenskomstforhandlingerne 2004 , Optakt, forløb, afstemning, København: FAOS.
Due, J. & J.S. Madsen (2010) Forskningsnotat 109: Ny magtfordeling i overenskomstspillet , København: FAOS.
Dumont, M., G. Rayp & P. Willemé (2006) ‘Does internationalization affect union bargaining power?’, Oxford Economic Papers , 58(1):77–102.
Dunning, J. H. & S.M. Lundan (2008) Multinational enterprises and the global economy (second edition), Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Dølvik, J. E. (2007) The Nordic regime of Labour Market Governance: from Crisis to Succes-Story? (Fafo-paper 2007:07) Oslo: Institute for Labour and Social Research.
EIRO-online. (2009) Industrial relations country profiles . Accessed on 12, December, 2011 from: http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/country/germany.pdf.
Edwards, P. (2005) ‘The challenging but promising future of industrial relations: developing theory and method in context-sensitive research’, Industrial Relations Journal 36(4):264–282.
Eriksson, T., R. Ibsen, J. Li & N. Westergård-Nielsen (2006) Globalisering og det danske arbejdsmarked , København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag.
Esping-Andersen, G. (1985) Politics against markets: The social democratic road to power , Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
FAOS (2004) FAOS Yearbook 2004 , København: FAOS.
Feenstra, R. C. (2010) Offshoring in the Global Economy , Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.
Feenstra, R. C. & G.H. Hanson (1996) ‘Globalization, Outsourcing, and Wage Inequality’, The American Economic Review , 86(2):240–245.
Flecker, J. (2010) ‘Fragmenting labour: organisational restructuring, employment relations and the dynamics of national regulatory frameworks’, Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation , 4(1):8–23.
Galenson, W. (1952) The Danish System of Labor Relations: A Study of Industrial Peace , Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University.
Gereffi, G. (2005) ‘The Global Economy: Organization, Governance, and Development’ in N.J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (eds.) The handbook of economic sociology , Princeton: Princeton University Press: (Chapter 8)
Gereffi, G. & M. Korzeniewicz (1994) Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism , Westport, Conn.: Praeger.
Gerring, J. (2007) Case Study Research: Principles and Practices , New York: Cambridge University Press.
Glyn, A. (2006) Capitalism Unleashed , Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Goul Andersen, J. (2006) ‘Velfærdsstat og global konkurrence: Sætter globaliseringen den danske velfærdsmodel under pres?’ Økonomi og Politik , 79(1):20–41.
Grossman, G. M. & E. Rossi-Hansberg (2008). ‘Trading Tasks: A Simple Theory of Offshoring’, American Economic Review , 98(5):1978–97.
Gustavsen, B. (2007) ‘Work Organization and “the Scandinavian Model” Economic and Industrial Democracy , 28(4):650–71.
Hall, P. A. & D.W. Soskice (2001) Varieties of Capitalism : ohe Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage , Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Hamann, K. (2006) Konkurrenceevnen i den globale svineslagteriindustri – Sammendrag , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling (IFAU).
Hamann, K. (2009) Analyse af den tyske svineslagterisektor. Priser, omkostninger og konkurrencekraft , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling IFAU.
Hamann, K. (2010) The European Red Meat Industry - Present situation and factors shaping the industry , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling IFAU.
Hansen, B. G. (2005) Slaughterhouse Work And The Babel-Effect. Occupational case study of production workers in the food industry, Denmark . Unpublished case study report, WORKS project, Leuven: HIVA.
Hasle, P. & N. Møller (2007) ‘From Conflict to Shared Development: Social Capital in a Tayloristic Environment’, Economic and Industrial Democracy , 28(3):401–429.
Hassel, A. (1999) ‘The erosion of the German system of industrial relations’, British Journal of Industrial Relations , 37(3):483–505.
Hay, C. (2006) ‘What's Globalization Got to Do with It? Economic Interdependence and the Future of European Welfare States’, Government and Opposition , 41(1):1–22.
Held, D., A. G. McGrew, D. Goldblatt & J. Perraton (1999) Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture , Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Hirst, P., G. Thompson & S. Bromley (2009) Globalization in question (Third edition), Cambridge: Polity Press.
Huber, E. & J. Stephens (2001) Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and Policies in Global Markets , Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Ibsen, C. L. & S.K. Andersen (2010) Resumé af OK 2010-forløbet. Accessed on 8 July, 2011, from http://faos.ku.dk/temasider/ok-forhandlinger/2010/resume/
Ibsen, F., L. Høgedahl & S. Scheuer (2012) Kollektiv handling: faglig organisering og skift af fagforening , Frederiksberg: Nyt fra Samfundsvidenskaberne.
Jensen, C. S. (2007) Arbejdsmarkedsrelationer i Danmark: fra konfliktbaseret konsensus til konsesusbaseret konflikt: Industrial Relations traditionen og de industrielle relationer i en dansk kontekst , København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag.
Jensen, P. D. Ø. & T. Pedersen (2011) ‘The Economic Geography of Offshoring: The Fit between Activities and Local Context’, Journal of Management Studies , 48(2):352–372.
Joebges, H., C. Logeay, D. Peters, S. Stephan & R. Zweiner (2008) Deutsche Arbeitskosten steigen im europäischen Vergleich nur gering. Auswertung der aktuellen Eurostat-Statistik , Düsseldorf: Institut für Makroökonomie und Konjunkturforschung, Hans-Böckler-Stiftung.
Kenworthy, L. (2003) ‘Do Affluent Countries Face an Incomes-Jobs Trade-Off?’, Comparative Political Studies , 36(10):1180–1209.
Korpi, W. (1983) The Democratic Class Struggle , London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Korpi, W. (2006) ‘Power Resources and Employer-Centered Approaches in Explanations of Welfare States and Varieties of Capitalism: Protagonists, Consenters, and Antagonists’, World Politics , 58(2):167–187.
Kristensen, T. S. (1994) Arbejdsmiljø, stress og helbred i den danske slagteribranche , København: FADL.
Lash, S. & J. Urry (1987) The End of Organized Capitalism , Cambridge: Polity.
Lehndorff, S., G. Bosch, T. Haipeter & E. Latniak (2009) ‘From the “Sick Man” to the “Overhauled Engine” of Europe? Upheaval in the German Model’, G. Bosch, S. Lehndorff & J. Rubery (eds.) European Employment Models in Flux , Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan: 105–130.
Lommerud, K. E., F. Meland, & O.R. Straume (2009) ‘Can Deunionization Lead to International Outsourcing?’ Journal of International Economics , 77(1):109–119.
Moene, K. O. & M. Wallerstein (2008) Earnings Equality and Welfare Spending: Selected works of Michael Wallerstein , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Nielsen, P., R. N. Nielsen, S. G. Bamberger, K. Fonager, A. L. Vinding, A. Larsen, Ø. Omland & P. Ryom (2011) ‘Globaliseringsparat? Om udviklingen af danske virksomheder mod globaliseringen - et dynamisk ressourceperspektiv’, Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv , 13(3):12–29.
Oesch, D. (2010) ‘What explains high unemployment among low-skilled workers? Evidence from 21 OECD countries’, European Journal of Industrial Relations , 16(1):39–55.
Offe, C. (1985) Disorganized Capitalism : Contemporary Transformations of Work and Politics , Cambridge: Polity.
Olsen, K. B., R. Ibsen & N. Westergaard-Nielsen (2004) Does Outsourcing Create Unemployment? The case of the Danish Textile and Clothing Industry , Aarhus: Center for Corporate Performance, Aarhus School of Business.
Pierson, P. (2011) ‘The welfare state over the very long run’, ZeSArbeitspapier 02/2011, Accessed on April, 4, 2012 from: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/46215.
Pontusson, J. (2005) Inequality and Prosperity: Social Europe and Liberal America , Ithaca, NY: A Century Foundation Book.
Poulsen, R. T. & H. Sornn-Friese (2011) ‘Downfall delayed: Danish shipbuilding and industrial dislocation’ Business History , 53(4):557–582.
Rodrik, D. (1997) Has Globalization Gone Too Far? , Washington D.C.: Institute for International Economics.
Refslund, B. (2011) Udflytning af danske slagteriarbejdspladser: Lokale konsekvenser, globale perspektiver , Unpublished working paper: University of Aarhus
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Refslund, B. & J.G. Andersen (2012b) ‘The Internationalisation of Production: Impact of Globalization and Offshoring of Jobs on the Labour Market and Welfare States in the Nordic Countries’, Research report, Aalborg University: Center for Comparative Welfare Studies
Ruggie, J. (1982) ‘International Regimes, Transactions and Change: Embedded Liberalism in the Postwar Economic Order’, International Organization , 36(2):379–99.
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Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Andersen, S. K. (2005) Medarbejderindflydelse mellem decentralisering og globalisering. Et notat om tillidsvalgte og indflydelse på virksomheden , København: FAOS.

[2] Baldwin, R. (2006). Globalisation: the great unbundling(s) , Helsinki: Prime Ministers office/Economic Council of Finland.

[3] Banyuls, J. & T. Haipeter (2010) ‘Against erosion of labour standards: global reorganisation of value chains and industrial relations in European motor industry’, Work organisation, labour & globalisation , 4(1):57–70.

[4] Bhagwati, J. (1995) Trade and wages: choosing among alternative explanations. FRBNY Economic Policy Review:42–47.

[5] Blinder, A. S. (2006) ‘Offshoring: The Next Industrial Revolution?’, Foreign Affairs , 85(2):113–128.

[6] Bonoli, G., V. George & P. Taylor-Gooby (2000) European welfare futures: towards a theory of retrenchment , Oxford: Polity Press.

[7] Burr, H. (2006) Arbejdsmiljø i Danmark 2005 , København: Arbejdsmiljøinstituttet.

[8] Bücker, A. & W. Warneck (2010) Viking – Laval – Rüffert: Consequences and policy perspectives , Bruxelles: ETUI.

[9] Carley, M. (2010) Developments in industrial action 2005–2009 , Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.

[10] Crinó, R. (2009) ‘Offshoring, Multinationals and Labour Market: A Review of the Empirical Literature’ Journal of Economic Surveys , 23(2):197–249.

[11] Danish Crown Annual Report (several years) Published by Danish Crown, Randers.

[12] Danish Working Environment Authority (2010) Arbejdsulykker. Anmeldte arbejdsulykker 2004–09: Arbejdstilsynets årsopgørelse 2009 , København: Arbejdstilsynet.

[13] Davidson, C. & S.J. Matusz (2008) ‘Globalisation and Turnover’, D. Greenaway, R. Upward, & P. Wright (eds) Globalisation and Labour Market Adjustment , Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan: 6–30

[14] Doellgast, V. & I. Greer (2007) ‘Vertical Disintegration and the Disorganization of German Industrial Relations’, British Journal of Industrial Relations , 45(1):55–76.

[15] Due, J. & J. S. Madsen (2004) Forskningsnotat nr. 47: Overenskomstforhandlingerne 2004 , Optakt, forløb, afstemning, København: FAOS.

[16] Due, J. & J.S. Madsen (2010) Forskningsnotat 109: Ny magtfordeling i overenskomstspillet , København: FAOS.

[17] Dumont, M., G. Rayp & P. Willemé (2006) ‘Does internationalization affect union bargaining power?’, Oxford Economic Papers , 58(1):77–102.

[18] Dunning, J. H. & S.M. Lundan (2008) Multinational enterprises and the global economy (second edition), Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

[19] Dølvik, J. E. (2007) The Nordic regime of Labour Market Governance: from Crisis to Succes-Story? (Fafo-paper 2007:07) Oslo: Institute for Labour and Social Research.

[20] EIRO-online. (2009) Industrial relations country profiles . Accessed on 12, December, 2011 from: http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/eiro/country/germany.pdf.

[21] Edwards, P. (2005) ‘The challenging but promising future of industrial relations: developing theory and method in context-sensitive research’, Industrial Relations Journal 36(4):264–282.

[22] Eriksson, T., R. Ibsen, J. Li & N. Westergård-Nielsen (2006) Globalisering og det danske arbejdsmarked , København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag.

[23] Esping-Andersen, G. (1985) Politics against markets: The social democratic road to power , Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

[24] FAOS (2004) FAOS Yearbook 2004 , København: FAOS.

[25] Feenstra, R. C. (2010) Offshoring in the Global Economy , Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

[26] Feenstra, R. C. & G.H. Hanson (1996) ‘Globalization, Outsourcing, and Wage Inequality’, The American Economic Review , 86(2):240–245.

[27] Flecker, J. (2010) ‘Fragmenting labour: organisational restructuring, employment relations and the dynamics of national regulatory frameworks’, Work Organisation, Labour & Globalisation , 4(1):8–23.

[28] Galenson, W. (1952) The Danish System of Labor Relations: A Study of Industrial Peace , Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University.

[29] Gereffi, G. (2005) ‘The Global Economy: Organization, Governance, and Development’ in N.J. Smelser & R. Swedberg (eds.) The handbook of economic sociology , Princeton: Princeton University Press: (Chapter 8)

[30] Gereffi, G. & M. Korzeniewicz (1994) Commodity Chains and Global Capitalism , Westport, Conn.: Praeger.

[31] Gerring, J. (2007) Case Study Research: Principles and Practices , New York: Cambridge University Press.

[32] Glyn, A. (2006) Capitalism Unleashed , Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[33] Goul Andersen, J. (2006) ‘Velfærdsstat og global konkurrence: Sætter globaliseringen den danske velfærdsmodel under pres?’ Økonomi og Politik , 79(1):20–41.

[34] Grossman, G. M. & E. Rossi-Hansberg (2008). ‘Trading Tasks: A Simple Theory of Offshoring’, American Economic Review , 98(5):1978–97.

[35] Gustavsen, B. (2007) ‘Work Organization and “the Scandinavian Model” Economic and Industrial Democracy , 28(4):650–71.

[36] Hall, P. A. & D.W. Soskice (2001) Varieties of Capitalism : ohe Institutional Foundations of Comparative Advantage , Oxford: Oxford University Press.

[37] Hamann, K. (2006) Konkurrenceevnen i den globale svineslagteriindustri – Sammendrag , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling (IFAU).

[38] Hamann, K. (2009) Analyse af den tyske svineslagterisektor. Priser, omkostninger og konkurrencekraft , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling IFAU.

[39] Hamann, K. (2010) The European Red Meat Industry - Present situation and factors shaping the industry , Hellerup: Instituttet for Fødevarestudier & Agroindustriel Udvikling IFAU.

[40] Hansen, B. G. (2005) Slaughterhouse Work And The Babel-Effect. Occupational case study of production workers in the food industry, Denmark . Unpublished case study report, WORKS project, Leuven: HIVA.

[41] Hasle, P. & N. Møller (2007) ‘From Conflict to Shared Development: Social Capital in a Tayloristic Environment’, Economic and Industrial Democracy , 28(3):401–429.

[42] Hassel, A. (1999) ‘The erosion of the German system of industrial relations’, British Journal of Industrial Relations , 37(3):483–505.

[43] Hay, C. (2006) ‘What's Globalization Got to Do with It? Economic Interdependence and the Future of European Welfare States’, Government and Opposition , 41(1):1–22.

[44] Held, D., A. G. McGrew, D. Goldblatt & J. Perraton (1999) Global Transformations: Politics, Economics and Culture , Stanford: Stanford University Press.

[45] Hirst, P., G. Thompson & S. Bromley (2009) Globalization in question (Third edition), Cambridge: Polity Press.

[46] Huber, E. & J. Stephens (2001) Development and Crisis of the Welfare State: Parties and Policies in Global Markets , Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

[47] Ibsen, C. L. & S.K. Andersen (2010) Resumé af OK 2010-forløbet. Accessed on 8 July, 2011, from http://faos.ku.dk/temasider/ok-forhandlinger/2010/resume/

[48] Ibsen, F., L. Høgedahl & S. Scheuer (2012) Kollektiv handling: faglig organisering og skift af fagforening , Frederiksberg: Nyt fra Samfundsvidenskaberne.

[49] Jensen, C. S. (2007) Arbejdsmarkedsrelationer i Danmark: fra konfliktbaseret konsensus til konsesusbaseret konflikt: Industrial Relations traditionen og de industrielle relationer i en dansk kontekst , København: Jurist- og Økonomforbundets Forlag.

[50] Jensen, P. D. Ø. & T. Pedersen (2011) ‘The Economic Geography of Offshoring: The Fit between Activities and Local Context’, Journal of Management Studies , 48(2):352–372.

[51] Joebges, H., C. Logeay, D. Peters, S. Stephan & R. Zweiner (2008) Deutsche Arbeitskosten steigen im europäischen Vergleich nur gering. Auswertung der aktuellen Eurostat-Statistik , Düsseldorf: Institut für Makroökonomie und Konjunkturforschung, Hans-Böckler-Stiftung.

[52] Kenworthy, L. (2003) ‘Do Affluent Countries Face an Incomes-Jobs Trade-Off?’, Comparative Political Studies , 36(10):1180–1209.

[53] Korpi, W. (1983) The Democratic Class Struggle , London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.

[54] Korpi, W. (2006) ‘Power Resources and Employer-Centered Approaches in Explanations of Welfare States and Varieties of Capitalism: Protagonists, Consenters, and Antagonists’, World Politics , 58(2):167–187.

[55] Kristensen, T. S. (1994) Arbejdsmiljø, stress og helbred i den danske slagteribranche , København: FADL.

[56] Lash, S. & J. Urry (1987) The End of Organized Capitalism , Cambridge: Polity.

[57] Lehndorff, S., G. Bosch, T. Haipeter & E. Latniak (2009) ‘From the “Sick Man” to the “Overhauled Engine” of Europe? Upheaval in the German Model’, G. Bosch, S. Lehndorff & J. Rubery (eds.) European Employment Models in Flux , Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan: 105–130.

[58] Lommerud, K. E., F. Meland, & O.R. Straume (2009) ‘Can Deunionization Lead to International Outsourcing?’ Journal of International Economics , 77(1):109–119.

[59] Moene, K. O. & M. Wallerstein (2008) Earnings Equality and Welfare Spending: Selected works of Michael Wallerstein , Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[60] Nielsen, P., R. N. Nielsen, S. G. Bamberger, K. Fonager, A. L. Vinding, A. Larsen, Ø. Omland & P. Ryom (2011) ‘Globaliseringsparat? Om udviklingen af danske virksomheder mod globaliseringen - et dynamisk ressourceperspektiv’, Tidsskrift for Arbejdsliv , 13(3):12–29.

[61] Oesch, D. (2010) ‘What explains high unemployment among low-skilled workers? Evidence from 21 OECD countries’, European Journal of Industrial Relations , 16(1):39–55.

[62] Offe, C. (1985) Disorganized Capitalism : Contemporary Transformations of Work and Politics , Cambridge: Polity.

[63] Olsen, K. B., R. Ibsen & N. Westergaard-Nielsen (2004) Does Outsourcing Create Unemployment? The case of the Danish Textile and Clothing Industry , Aarhus: Center for Corporate Performance, Aarhus School of Business.

[64] Pierson, P. (2011) ‘The welfare state over the very long run’, ZeSArbeitspapier 02/2011, Accessed on April, 4, 2012 from: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/46215.

[65] Pontusson, J. (2005) Inequality and Prosperity: Social Europe and Liberal America , Ithaca, NY: A Century Foundation Book.

[66] Poulsen, R. T. & H. Sornn-Friese (2011) ‘Downfall delayed: Danish shipbuilding and industrial dislocation’ Business History , 53(4):557–582.

[67] Rodrik, D. (1997) Has Globalization Gone Too Far? , Washington D.C.: Institute for International Economics.

[68] Refslund, B. (2011) Udflytning af danske slagteriarbejdspladser: Lokale konsekvenser, globale perspektiver , Unpublished working paper: University of Aarhus

[69] Refslund, B. & J.G. Andersen (2012a) ‘Globalization and Nordic Labour Markets. Outsourcing of jobs and competitive advantages’ J.G. Andersen (ed) Reassessing the Nordic Welfare Model , Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.

[70] Refslund, B. & J.G. Andersen (2012b) ‘The Internationalisation of Production: Impact of Globalization and Offshoring of Jobs on the Labour Market and Welfare States in the Nordic Countries’, Research report, Aalborg University: Center for Comparative Welfare Studies

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