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The Art and Politics of Emile Habiby II
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Translated from Arabic by Salma Khadra Jayyusi and Trevor LeGassick (New York: Interlink Books, 2002). All subsequent references are from this text. Originally published in Arabic as Waqa‘i’ al-Gharibah fi Ikhtifa' Sa'id abi al-Nahs al Mutasha'il (Jerusalem, Israel: Manshurat Salah al Din, 1974).
Trevor LeGassick, “The Luckless Palestinian,” The Middle East Journal 34:2 (1980), 215.
Mona Takieddine Amyuni, “Literary Creativity and Social Change: What Has Happened to the Arab Psyche since the Sixties? A Study in a Few Literary Masks,” in Kamal Abdel-Malek and Wael Hallaq, eds., Tradition, Modernity, and Postmodernity in Arabic Literature (Leiden: Brill, 2000), no. 8, 96, Habiby was criticized by many Arab and Palestinian writers and intellectuals inside and outside Israel/Palestine, for accepting the Israeli prize.
In addition to The Pessoptimist , Habiby published four novels—Suddasiyyat al-Ayyam al-Sitta (The Sextet of the Six Days [War], 1969); Luka' ibn Luka': Thalath Jalsat amam Sanduq al-'Ajab (Luka', Son of Luka': Three Sessions before the Treasure Chest of Wonders, 1980); Ikhtiyya (What a Shame!, 1985); and Saraya bint al-Ghul (Saraya, the Ghul's Daughter, 1992).
Salma Khadra Jayyusi, “Introduction,” in Emile Habiby, ed., The Secret Life of Saeed, the Ill-Fated Pessoptimist (Columbia, LA: Readers International), xiii.
For information about Poetry of Resistance, see Salam Mir, “Palestinian Literature: Occupation and Exile,” Arab Studies Quarterly 35:2 (2013), 110–129.
Tarif Khalidi, “Palestinian Historiography: 1900–1948,” Journal of Palestine Studies 10:3 (1981), 59–76.
Rashid Khalidi, Palestinian Identity (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997), 89–90.
Abd al-Wahhab Kayyali, Palestine: A Modern History (London: Croom Helm, 1978). This book was based on Kayyali's doctoral dissertation at Oxford, and it was the first publication by AIRP (see note 10).
Kayyali is the founder of the Arab Institute for Research and Publishing (AIRP) in 1969. Kayyali was assassinated in the Center's office in Beirut during the Lebanese Civil War in 1981, n.d., accessed July 2, 2014, http://www.airpbooks.com/En/About.php.
“The Bang and the Volcano,” Index on Censorship 22:2 (1993), 27–32. From Taylor & Francis Online, 23 October 2007, accessed September 9, 2014, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03064229308535513?journalCode=rioc201 (originally from a paper Habiby delivered at the “Guardians of Dissent,” seminar at the De Balle theater, Amsterdam, September 10–13, 1992).
Rashid Khalidi, “The Palestinians and 1948: The Underlying Causes of Failure,” The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948 , 2nd ed. by Eugene L. Rogan and Avi Shlaim (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007), 13. Khalidi explains the dispute over the exact number of the Palestinian refugees, which has been difficult to ascertain. He says that Morris, in The Birth , p. 1, speaks of “some 600,000–760,000” refugees. Khalidi suggests that the former figure is too low, while the latter is closer to UN estimates at the time, no. 5, p. 32.
The origin of the Emergency Laws goes back to the British Mandate authority, which instituted them against Palestinians during the Arab Rebellion of 1936–39. When the Mandate government re-enacted the laws during World War II (WWII) to keep law and order in the land, this time they applied to all citizens, Arabs and Jews alike. Jewish settlers, then, rejected them as undemocratic and contradictory to the fundamental principles of law, justice, and jurisprudence. In 1946, the Jewish Lawyers Association held a conference in Tel Aviv, condemning the laws and saying that Nazi Germany had no such laws. See Sabri Jiryis, The Arabs in Israel, 1948–1966 , trans. Meric Dobson (Beirut, Lebanon: Institute for Palestine Studies, 1969), 3.
For a detailed account of the extensive authority of the military administration over the local Arab inhabitants, see Simha Flapan, The Birth of Israel: Myths and Realities (New York: Pantheon Books, 1987), 102–103.
Edward Said, The Politics of Dispossession: The Struggle for Palestinian Self-Determination, 1969–1994 (New York: Vintage Books, 1995 [1991]), 317.
Jayyusi, “Introduction,” xiv.
Amyuni, “Literary Creativity and Social Change,” 106.
Jayyusi, “Introduction,” xviii–xix.
“Introduction,” in Politics of Dispossession , xiv.
Trevor LeGassick, “The Luckless Palestinian,” 220.
See also “Translators' Notes,” in Pessoptimist , notes 10 and 35, pp. 165–168.
For a discussion of the facts and myths of the birth of Israel, see Simha Flapan, The Birth of Israel: Myths and Realities (New York: Pantheon Books, 1987).
Benny Morris, The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, 1947–1949 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987) 25.
Cited in R. Khalidi, “The Palestinians and 1948,” 14, originally from Walid Khalidi, ed., All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948 (Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies, 1992).
Morris, The Birth , 25.
Qtd. in Morris, The Birth , 27. Originally from Yosef Weitz, Yomani Véigrotai Labanin [My Diary and Letters for the Children], vol. II, 181, entry for 20 December 1940.
“On Palestinian Identity: A Conversation with Salman Rushdie,” in Politics of Dispossession , 110.
Jayyusi, “Introduction,” xxi–xxii.
For the origin of the Emergency Laws, see note 13 above. At a conference in Tel Aviv in 1946, the Jewish Lawyers Association expressed its fears of citizens becoming victims to the whims of the military commander. It is worth quoting a statement issued by Yaacov Shimshon Shapiro who later, in 1966, became Israel's Attorney General and Minister of Justice: There is indeed only one form of government which resembles the system in force here now—the case of an occupied country. They try to pacify us by saying that these laws are only directed against malefactors, not against honest citizens … It is our duty to tell the whole world that the Defense Laws passed by the British Government of Palestine destroy the very foundations of Justice of this land. It is pure euphemism to call the Military Courts ‘courts’. (See Jiryis, The Arabs in Israel 1948–1966 , 4)
Sabry Hafez, “Obituary of Emile Habiby,” The Independent . 4 May 1996, accessed September 19, 2014, http://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/obituary-emile-habibi-1345602.html.
Edward Said, After the Last Sky (New York: Columbia University Press, 1999), 26.
Flapan, The Birth , 235.
My analysis is partwly inspired by Edward W. Said's 1988 essay “New History, Old Ideas,” in Edward W. Said, ed., The End of the Peace Process (New York: Pantheon Books, 2000), 273–77.
Quoted and translated from the Arabic by Amyuni, “Literary Creativity,” originally from “Killing the Father or the Sons? The Dialectics of Stagnation or Change,” Mawaqif , 70–71 (993), 53–64.