Half Way Home in Electric Vehicles: A Strategic Reassessment

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Prometheus

Volume 16, Issue 1

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Half Way Home in Electric Vehicles: A Strategic Reassessment

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Author(s): Robert N. McGrath

Publication date (Print): March 1998

Journal: Prometheus

Publisher: Pluto Journals

Keywords: electric vehicles, emerging industries, relative value/price, technological substitution, signalling

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Abstract

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Author and article information

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Journal ID (publisher-id): cpro20

Journal ID (archive): CPRO

Title: Prometheus

Subtitle: Critical Studies in Innovation

Publisher: Pluto Journals

ISSN (Print): 0810-9028

ISSN (Electronic): 1470-1030

Publication date (Print): March 1998

Volume: 16

Issue: 1

Pages: 13-25

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Publisher ID: 8629250 Coden ID: Prometheus, Vol. 16, No. 1, 1998: pp. 13–25

DOI: 10.1080/08109029808629250

SO-VID: 5a052311-a7f8-433d-9114-6b974513c3f0

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 56, Pages: 13

Notes and References

M. E. Porter, Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, Free Press, New York, 1980; M.E. Porter, ‘The Technological Dimension of Corporate Strategy’, in R.A. Burgelman and M.A. Maidique (eds), Strategic Management of Technology and Innovation, Irwin, Homewood, Illinois, 1988, pp. 211–233.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
R. N. Foster, Innovation: The Attacker's Advantage, Summit, New York, 1986; J. M. Utterback, Mastering the Dynamics of Innovation, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, 1994.
R. De Neufville, S.R. Connors, F.R. Field, D. Marks, D.R. Saldaway and R.D. Tabors, ‘The Electric Car Unplugged’, Technology Review, 6, 1996, pp. 50–59.
K. Naughton, ‘An Electric Car Propelled by Star Power?’ Business Week, 9 December, 1994, p. 40.
G.L. Henricks, W.H. DeLuca and D.R. Vissers, Advanced Batteries for Electric Vehicles’, Chemtech, 31, 1994, pp. 32–38.
S. P. Schnaars, Managing Imitation Strategies, Free Press, New York, 1994; N.P. Ranganath and J.M. Ketteringham, Breakthroughs!, Pfeiffer and Co, Amsterdam, 1994.
H.E. Aldrich and C.M. Fiol, ‘Fools rush in? The institutional context of industry creation’, Academy of Management Review, 19, 1994, pp. 645–670.
De Neufville et al., op. cit., Ref 4.
M. L. Wald, ‘Coaxing more miles from the electric car battery’, New York Times, 11 July 1993, p. 13.
Fuel cell update’, Popular Science, June 1994, pp. 8–12.
Flywheels have bright future in electric vehicle industry, scientists say’, Alternative Energy Network, 17 May 1994, p. 31.
R.N. McGrath, Discontinuous Technological Change and Institutional Legitimacy: A Morphological Perspective, UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, 1996.
M.L. Tushman and P.A. Anderson, ‘Technological discontinuities and organizational environments’, Administrative Science Quarterly, 31, 1986, pp. 439–465.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
M. Studer, ‘Watchmaker marks time as it waits to build electric car’, Wall Street Journal, 28 May 1993, p. 19.
M. L. Wald, ‘More join tie quest for cleaner cars’, New York Times, 16 December 1993, p. 36.
Ford's electric vehicle project rides on a battery rivals consider too risky’, Wall Street Journal, 17 December 1993, p. 33.
M. L. Wald, ‘An electric bus bypasses a battery barrier’, New York Times, 29 May 1994, p. 13.
US Electricar announces venture with Itochu of Japan’, New York Times, 10 June 1994, p. 6.
Update on automakers’ electric vehicles projects’, Automotive News, 7 June 1993, p. 18.
McGrath, op. cit., Ref. 13; S. A. Cronk, Building the E-Motive Industry: Essays and Conversations About Strategies for Creating an Electric Vehicle Industry, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, 1993.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
Cronk, op. cit., Ref. 22.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
H. A. Simon, Administrative Behavior, Free Press, New York, 1957.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
R.N. McGrath, ‘A logistician's response to the electric vehicle movement’, in Technology Management: Strategies and Applications for Practitioners, 3, 1997, pp. 161–171.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
J. Mathews, ‘Generating a market for electric cars: automakers try to figure out how to sell a product few people seem to want’, Washington Post, 6 October 1994, p. 6.
De Neufville, op. cit., Ref. 4; Naughton, op. cit., Ref. 5.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
W. R. Diem, ‘California positively charged for electric vehicles: almost two-thirds say they would consider buying one, survey finds’, Automotive News, 5 December 1994.
J. L. Winn, ‘The role of government and industry in the development of the electric vehicle’, Society of Automotive Engineers Technical Papers Series, 941035, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, 1994.
C. M. Thomas, ‘Key players’, Automotive News, 26 April 1993, pp. 28–30.
Naughton, op. cit., Ref. 1.
McGrath, 1997, op. cit., Ref. 28.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.
McGrath, 1996, op. cit., Ref. 13; ‘Why Big Three's electric car strategy backfired’, Detroit News, 8 May 1994, p. 12.
Chrysler, with misgivings, will sell electric mini-vans’, New York Times, 6 May 1994, p. 14.
Driving force behind electric vehicles’, Los Angeles Times, 24 November 1994, p. 9.
Expecting a fizzle, GM puts electric cars to test’, New York Times, 28 January 1994, p. 1.
McGrath, 1997, op. cit., Ref. 28.
Winn, op. cit., Ref. 34.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1; Foster, op. cit., Ref. 3; Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3.
E. H. Wakefield, History of the Electric Vehicle, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale PA, 1994.
Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1; ‘Marketeers own the electric vehicle future, not engineers’, Los Angeles Times, 19 January 1995, p. 32.
Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3; Tushman and Anderson, op. cit. Ref. 14.
H. A. Haveman, ‘Follow the leader: mimetic isomorphism and entry into new markets’, Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, 1993, pp. 593-627; M.T. Hannan and J. Freeman, Organizational Ecology, Belknap Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989.
M. Shnayerson, The Car That Could, Random House, New York, 1996.
Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3; Schnaars, op. cit., Ref. 7; Tushman and Anderson, op. cit., Ref. 14.
Chrysler …’, op. cit., Ref. 40; ‘Driving force …’, op. cit., Ref. 41; ‘Expecting a fizzle …’, op. cit., Ref. 42.
Converting California in spite of aid’, Wall Street Journal, 7 December 1993.
Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3; Schnaars, op. cit., Ref. 7; Tushman and Anderson, op. cit., Ref. 14.
Marketers own …’, op. cit., Ref. 47.
McGrath, 1997, op. cit., Ref. 28.

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Comment on this article

[1] M. E. Porter, Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors, Free Press, New York, 1980; M.E. Porter, ‘The Technological Dimension of Corporate Strategy’, in R.A. Burgelman and M.A. Maidique (eds), Strategic Management of Technology and Innovation, Irwin, Homewood, Illinois, 1988, pp. 211–233.

[2] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[3] R. N. Foster, Innovation: The Attacker's Advantage, Summit, New York, 1986; J. M. Utterback, Mastering the Dynamics of Innovation, Harvard Business School Press, Boston, 1994.

[4] R. De Neufville, S.R. Connors, F.R. Field, D. Marks, D.R. Saldaway and R.D. Tabors, ‘The Electric Car Unplugged’, Technology Review, 6, 1996, pp. 50–59.

[5] K. Naughton, ‘An Electric Car Propelled by Star Power?’ Business Week, 9 December, 1994, p. 40.

[6] G.L. Henricks, W.H. DeLuca and D.R. Vissers, Advanced Batteries for Electric Vehicles’, Chemtech, 31, 1994, pp. 32–38.

[7] S. P. Schnaars, Managing Imitation Strategies, Free Press, New York, 1994; N.P. Ranganath and J.M. Ketteringham, Breakthroughs!, Pfeiffer and Co, Amsterdam, 1994.

[8] H.E. Aldrich and C.M. Fiol, ‘Fools rush in? The institutional context of industry creation’, Academy of Management Review, 19, 1994, pp. 645–670.

[9] De Neufville et al., op. cit., Ref 4.

[10] M. L. Wald, ‘Coaxing more miles from the electric car battery’, New York Times, 11 July 1993, p. 13.

[11] Fuel cell update’, Popular Science, June 1994, pp. 8–12.

[12] Flywheels have bright future in electric vehicle industry, scientists say’, Alternative Energy Network, 17 May 1994, p. 31.

[13] R.N. McGrath, Discontinuous Technological Change and Institutional Legitimacy: A Morphological Perspective, UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, 1996.

[14] M.L. Tushman and P.A. Anderson, ‘Technological discontinuities and organizational environments’, Administrative Science Quarterly, 31, 1986, pp. 439–465.

[15] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[16] M. Studer, ‘Watchmaker marks time as it waits to build electric car’, Wall Street Journal, 28 May 1993, p. 19.

[17] M. L. Wald, ‘More join tie quest for cleaner cars’, New York Times, 16 December 1993, p. 36.

[18] Ford's electric vehicle project rides on a battery rivals consider too risky’, Wall Street Journal, 17 December 1993, p. 33.

[19] M. L. Wald, ‘An electric bus bypasses a battery barrier’, New York Times, 29 May 1994, p. 13.

[20] US Electricar announces venture with Itochu of Japan’, New York Times, 10 June 1994, p. 6.

[21] Update on automakers’ electric vehicles projects’, Automotive News, 7 June 1993, p. 18.

[22] McGrath, op. cit., Ref. 13; S. A. Cronk, Building the E-Motive Industry: Essays and Conversations About Strategies for Creating an Electric Vehicle Industry, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, 1993.

[23] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[24] Cronk, op. cit., Ref. 22.

[25] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[26] H. A. Simon, Administrative Behavior, Free Press, New York, 1957.

[27] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[28] R.N. McGrath, ‘A logistician's response to the electric vehicle movement’, in Technology Management: Strategies and Applications for Practitioners, 3, 1997, pp. 161–171.

[29] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[30] J. Mathews, ‘Generating a market for electric cars: automakers try to figure out how to sell a product few people seem to want’, Washington Post, 6 October 1994, p. 6.

[31] De Neufville, op. cit., Ref. 4; Naughton, op. cit., Ref. 5.

[32] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[33] W. R. Diem, ‘California positively charged for electric vehicles: almost two-thirds say they would consider buying one, survey finds’, Automotive News, 5 December 1994.

[34] J. L. Winn, ‘The role of government and industry in the development of the electric vehicle’, Society of Automotive Engineers Technical Papers Series, 941035, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale, PA, 1994.

[35] C. M. Thomas, ‘Key players’, Automotive News, 26 April 1993, pp. 28–30.

[36] Naughton, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[37] McGrath, 1997, op. cit., Ref. 28.

[38] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1.

[39] McGrath, 1996, op. cit., Ref. 13; ‘Why Big Three's electric car strategy backfired’, Detroit News, 8 May 1994, p. 12.

[40] Chrysler, with misgivings, will sell electric mini-vans’, New York Times, 6 May 1994, p. 14.

[41] Driving force behind electric vehicles’, Los Angeles Times, 24 November 1994, p. 9.

[42] Expecting a fizzle, GM puts electric cars to test’, New York Times, 28 January 1994, p. 1.

[43] McGrath, 1997, op. cit., Ref. 28.

[44] Winn, op. cit., Ref. 34.

[45] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1; Foster, op. cit., Ref. 3; Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3.

[46] E. H. Wakefield, History of the Electric Vehicle, Society of Automotive Engineers, Warrendale PA, 1994.

[47] Porter, 1980, op. cit., Ref. 1; ‘Marketeers own the electric vehicle future, not engineers’, Los Angeles Times, 19 January 1995, p. 32.

[48] Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3; Tushman and Anderson, op. cit. Ref. 14.

[49] H. A. Haveman, ‘Follow the leader: mimetic isomorphism and entry into new markets’, Administrative Science Quarterly, 38, 1993, pp. 593-627; M.T. Hannan and J. Freeman, Organizational Ecology, Belknap Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989.

[50] M. Shnayerson, The Car That Could, Random House, New York, 1996.

[51] Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3; Schnaars, op. cit., Ref. 7; Tushman and Anderson, op. cit., Ref. 14.

[52] Chrysler …’, op. cit., Ref. 40; ‘Driving force …’, op. cit., Ref. 41; ‘Expecting a fizzle …’, op. cit., Ref. 42.

[53] Converting California in spite of aid’, Wall Street Journal, 7 December 1993.

[54] Utterback, op. cit., Ref. 3; Schnaars, op. cit., Ref. 7; Tushman and Anderson, op. cit., Ref. 14.

[55] Marketers own …’, op. cit., Ref. 47.

[56] McGrath, 1997, op. cit., Ref. 28.

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