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      Foliar Spray of Fe-Asp Confers Better Drought Tolerance in Sunflower as Compared with FeSO 4: Yield Traits, Osmotic Adjustment, and Antioxidative Defense Mechanisms

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          Abstract

          Different techniques are being employed to reduce the adverse effects of water stress on seed yield and quality of crop plants. The current study aimed to improve the water stress tolerance of field-grown sunflower by foliar-supplied ecofriendly iron-chelated aspartate (Fe-Asp) in comparison with FeSO 4. Water stress decreased the plant growth and yield, accompanied with disturbed water relations, nutrient acquisition, accumulation of amino acids, and antioxidative defense mechanisms. However, lipid peroxidation, total anthocyanin, and photosynthetic pigments were increased. Fertigation of FeSO 4 and Fe-Asp as foliar sprays proved effective to reduce the negativities of limited irrigation on biomass production and seed yield, accompanied with a reduction in lipid peroxidation and improvements in water relations, antioxidative defense mechanisms, and leaf photosynthetic pigments. In comparison with FeSO 4, foliary applied Fe-Asp better improved the plant water relations with more accumulation of essential amino acids and nutrient acquisition, especially leaf aspartate (Asp) and Fe accumulation which showed better translocation. Overall, foliary applied Fe-Asp proved better for induction of drought tolerance in sunflower plants as compared with FeSO 4. The study recommended the use of the ecofriendly Fe-Asp as a foliar spray for better growth and production of sunflower under limited irrigation.

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            Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies

            Plant and Soil, 39(1), 205-207
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              COPPER ENZYMES IN ISOLATED CHLOROPLASTS. POLYPHENOLOXIDASE IN BETA VULGARIS

              D ARNON (1949)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Biomolecules
                Biomolecules
                biomolecules
                Biomolecules
                MDPI
                2218-273X
                21 August 2020
                September 2020
                : 10
                : 9
                : 1217
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; mazeem@ 123456gcuf.edu.pk
                [2 ]Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; mrazi1532@ 123456yahoo.com
                [3 ]Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, 40402 Taichung, Taiwan
                [4 ]Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt; mohamed.elesawi@ 123456science.tanta.edu.eg
                [5 ]Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; abdullahijaz@ 123456gcuf.edu.pk
                [6 ]Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; 2007ag942@ 123456uaf.edu.pk
                [7 ]Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; melsheikh@ 123456ksu.edu.sa (M.A.E.-S.); mnyemeni@ 123456ksu.edu.sa (M.N.A.); leon077@ 123456gmail.com (L.W.)
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3773-5196
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8871-5689
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3513-2041
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4168-941X
                Article
                biomolecules-10-01217
                10.3390/biom10091217
                7563172
                32825716
                17fcdbf5-4396-48e4-a4f6-ac0b00419b1b
                © 2020 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 29 June 2020
                : 17 August 2020
                Categories
                Article

                water relations,seed yield,antioxidative defense mechanism,amino acids,nutrient uptake

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