For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
4,351
views
Article has an altmetric score of 4
7
references
 Top references
cited by
1
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
2 collections
    0
    shares
      605
      similar
       All similar

      2023 Scopus CiteScore is 2.3, SNIP 0.757, ranking 15/35 in Category "Veterinary (Miscellaneous)" and 219/344 "Medicine (Infectious Diseases)".  

      Interested in becoming a Zoonoses published author? Check out the call for papers on our website https://zoonoses-journal.org/index.php/2023/04/26/zoonoses-call-for-papers-2/

      • Platinum Open Access with no APCs & Fast peer review/Fast publication online after article acceptance
      scite_
      0
      0
      0
      0
      Smart Citations
      0
      0
      0
      0
      Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
      View Citations

      See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

      scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

      Zoonoses

      Volume 4, Issue 1
       
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Global Infectious Diseases between July and September 2024: Periodic Analysis

      Published
      short-communication
      Bookmark

            Abstract

            Infectious diseases are caused by a variety of pathogens that can be transmitted between individuals, between animals, or between humans and animals. In the summer, hot weather accelerates the growth and reproduction of various bacteria and viruses. Water, food, and the environment are more susceptible to contamination, so summer is the season for infectious diseases such as monkeypox (Mpox), dengue, cholera, measles. We obtained surveillance data from Shusi Tech’s Global Epidemic Information Monitoring System and conducted a comprehensive analysis of the timing and location of outbreaks in infected populations from July to September of 2024.

            Main article text

            INTRODUCTION

            Infectious diseases remain a major threat to global public health. The effects of economic globalization, climate change, and the emergence of new infectious diseases [1,2] are spreading worldwide, thus substantially burdening health systems. Mosquito-borne and intestinal infectious diseases are particularly prevalent during the summer months, because of elevated temperature and humidity. Furthermore, climate change has contributed to an increase in extreme weather events, which may intensify outbreaks of specific infectious diseases [3].

            To comprehensively understand the global distribution of infectious diseases from July to September of 2024, we used Shusi Tech’s Global Epidemic Information Monitoring System to collect data on infectious diseases worldwide and subsequently conducted a thorough systematic analysis (Fig 1).

            Next follows the figure caption
            FIGURE 1 |

            Worldwide distribution of infectious diseases from July to September of 2024.

            DENGUE

            The global incidence of dengue fever has sharply increased in recent years, in close association with the distribution of its mosquito vectors. Dengue fever is prevalent in tropical, subtropical, and temperate climatic regions exhibiting seasonal fluctuations, and its incidence is highest during the summer months [4]. The Americas and Southeast Asia have a high incidence of dengue outbreaks. As shown in Fig 2, approximately the region with 856,362 suspected cases occurred in the past 3 months. Mexico had 97,344 suspected cases, 19,696 confirmed cases, and 79 deaths. Argentina reported 24,826 suspected cases. Many people with dengue are asymptomatic or exhibit mild symptoms, thus potentially leading to underreporting; therefore, implementation of effective prevention and control measures is essential.

            Next follows the figure caption
            FIGURE 2 |

            Statistics data on the five countries or regions with cumulative number of dengue cases (July to September of 2024).

            CHOLERA

            Cholera is an acute diarrheal disease caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae, which is typically transmitted through contaminated water or food, particularly in areas with inadequate sanitation. Cholera can lead to severe dehydration and can be fatal if not treated promptly. In resource-rich countries, cholera is relatively rare; however, in regions lacking access to clean drinking water and sanitation, particularly those affected by conflict, poverty, and natural disasters, cholera remains a serious public health concern. According to data on suspected cholera cases from the past 3 months, countries such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Yemen, and Nigeria have been major hotspots for cholera outbreaks (Fig 3). The data indicated relatively severe spread of cholera in developing countries, particularly those experiencing war or poverty [5]. Although some countries have reported few suspected cases, ongoing monitoring and prevention efforts are necessary to prevent outbreaks from expanding.

            Next follows the figure caption
            FIGURE 3 |

            Statistical data on the top ten countries or regions in terms of cumulative number of suspected cholera cases and deaths (July to September of 2024).

            MPOX

            Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), which was first identified in 1970 [6]. In 2022, a global outbreak emerged, characterized by widespread human-to-human transmission in non-endemic regions, thus prompting the WHO to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. From July to September, similarly to the period from April to June, most infections were concentrated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Whereas cases decreased in Brazil, infections increased in Spain and the United States, both of which were behind the Democratic Republic of the Congo in terms of total reported cases (Table 1).

            TABLE 1 |

            Worldwide Mpox cases reported between 01/07/2024 and 30/09/2024.

            Record periodLocationCumulative suspected cases (confirmed cases) reported during the record periodCumulative deaths reported during the record periodData source
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024Argentina26WHO
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024Brazil33 (33)WHO
            03/08/2024–16/08/2024Burundi272 (78)African CDC
            24/08/2024–31/08/2024327 (91)
            05/08/2024–01/09/2024288WHO
            19/08/2024–15/09/2024411
            01/01/2024–24/08/2024Canada178U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
            05/08/2024–01/09/2024Central African Republic5WHO
            19/08/2024–15/09/2024Central African Republic5 (5)WHO
            01/01/2024–31/08/2024Colombia118U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
            05/08/2024–01/09/2024Cote d’Ivoire22WHO
            19/08/2024–15/09/202412 (12)
            03/08/2024–23/08/2024Democratic Republic of the Congo4064 (312)102African CDC
            05/08/2024–01/09/2024148WHO
            19/08/2024–15/09/2024794WHO
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024France24WHO
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024Germany23WHO
            01/01/2024–14/08/2024Hong Kong, China67China Hong Kong Centre for Health Protection
            24/09/2024India1CIDRAP Center for Infectious Disease Policy Research
            24/08/2024–08/09/2024Liberia87 (2)African CDC
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024Mexico23WHO
            14/07/2024–10/08/2024Nigeria53 (2)Nigeria Department
            05/08/2024–01/09/202417WHO
            19/08/2024–15/09/202417
            08/05/2024–02/07/2024South Africa203WHO
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024Spain136 (136)WHO
            15/08/2024Sweden1WHO
            03/09/2024–09/09/2024Taiwan, China5 (5)China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
            06/08/2024–19/08/20249
            27/08/2024–02/09/20245 (5)
            09/07/2024–22/07/2024(9)
            24/6/2024–21/07/2024Thailand(13)WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia
            22/07/2024–04/08/20245
            22/08/20241European Union CDC
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024United Kingdom40 (40)WHO
            01/08/2024–31/08/2024United States113 (113)WHO

            MEASLES

            Measles, a highly contagious viral disease caused by the measles virus, continues to pose a substantial global health threat in 2024. Outbreaks occurred in various regions because of vaccination gaps exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic [7]. Between July and September 2024, measles outbreaks were concentrated in low-income countries such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Afghanistan, and Nigeria, where vaccination rates remain critically low (Table 2). The WHO and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) emphasize the urgent need for enhanced global vaccination efforts to mitigate further outbreaks and protect vulnerable populations.

            TABLE 2 |

            Worldwide Measles cases reported between 01/07/2024 and 30/09/2024.

            Record periodLocationCumulative suspected cases (confirmed cases) reported during the record periodCumulative deaths reported during the record periodData source
            30/06/2024–06/07/2024Afghanistan159713WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
            28/07/2024–17/08/2024428018
            01/09/2024–14/09/202417526
            28/06/2024–20/07/2024United States21U.S. CDC
            11/06/2024–09/07/2024Austria(57)EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            10/07/2024–12/08/2024Belgium10EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            20/07/2024–28/07/2024Burundi173African CDC
            27/07/2024–02/08/2024123
            10/08/2024–16/08/202463
            24/08/2024–31/08/202442
            14/09/2024–23/09/202476
            20/07/2024–28/07/2024Cameroon18 (2)African CDC
            27/07/2024–08/09/2024209 (65)
            27/07/2024–16/09/202487 (38)
            07/07/2024–13/07/2024Canada2Public Health Agency of Canada
            07/09/2024–16/09/2024Central African Republic7 (3)African CDC
            22/06/2024–30/06/2024Chad850 (736)1African CDC
            20/07/2024–28/07/2024135 (57)
            27/07/2024–09/08/2024135 (35)
            24/08/2024–31/08/202417
            07/09/2024–13/09/202417
            14/09/2024–23/09/202416
            27/07/2024–02/08/2024Democratic Republic of the Congo3310131African CDC
            10/08/2024–23/08/20242023115
            10/08/2024–31/08/2024Ethiopia6511African CDC
            31/08/2024–08/09/202487
            14/09/2024–23/09/202439
            29/06/2024–08/09/2024Gabon71African CDC
            07/09/2024–16/09/202410
            10/06/2024–10/07/2024Germany(18)EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            10/07/2024–08/08/20249
            01/01/2024–05/08/2024Guinea769 (306)7WHO Regional Office for Africa
            11/06/2024–08/08/2024Italy251EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            13/06/2024–12/07/2024Kenya2821African CDC
            27/07/2024–16/08/202497 (11)1EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            29/06/2024–12/07/2024Liberia99 (25)African CDC
            27/07/2024–31/08/2024846
            31/08/2024–13/09/2024337 (36)
            03/08/2024–09/08/2024Mali8 (7)African CDC
            06/07/2024–19/07/2024Mauritania30 (15)African CDC
            06/07/2024–12/07/2024Morocco323 (98)3African CDC
            27/07/2024–02/08/2024289 (93)3
            31/08/2024–08/09/2024287 (141)4
            07/09/2024–13/09/2024297 (104)3
            10/08/2024–16/08/2024Morocco506 (194)5EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            09/07/2024–21/08/2024Mozambique283 (283)18WHO Regional Office for Africa
            29/05/2024–26/06/2024The Netherlands25EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            11/05/2024–23/08/2024Nigeria3028 (1602)6African CDC
            30/06/2024–08/08/2024Poland24EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            06/07/2024–19/07/2024Democratic Republic of the Congo27 (5)African CDC
            10/08/2024–31/08/202425
            31/08/2024–23/09/20249187174
            09/06/2024–04/08/2024Romania44443EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            10/08/2024–31/08/2024Senegal3African CDC
            06/07/2024–12/07/2024Somalia217African CDC
            27/07/2024–02/08/2024213 (10)
            10/08/2024–23/08/2024344 (14)1
            07/09/2024–13/09/2024139 (8)
            15/06/2024–09/08/2024South Sudan737 (3)African CDC
            03/06/2024–07/07/2024Spain90EU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
            26/08/2024–16/09/2024United Kingdom59United Kingdom Health Security Agency
            26/07/2024–08/08/2024United States23U.S. CDC
            18/08/2024–31/08/20247
            08/09/2024–21/09/20244
            01/01/2024–04/08/2024Vietnam505 (262)ProMED-mail
            01/01/2024–04/08/2024Zambia4259 (179)WHO Regional Office for Africa

            SPORADIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES

            The incidence of various infectious diseases from July to September 2024 is presented in Table 3. Notably, the patterns of infectious diseases during this period varied among countries. In Australia, a substantial number of individuals were affected by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and pertussis. In the United States, campylobacteriosis, chickenpox, and coccidioidomycosis were prevalent. Additionally, tuberculosis continued to be a concern in economically developed regions, such as Japan and South Korea, and also remained prevalent in several developing countries, including Sri Lanka.

            TABLE 3 |

            Worldwide cases of other infectious diseases reported between 01/07/2024 and 30/09/2024.

            Record periodLocationCumulative suspected cases (confirmed cases) reported during the record periodCumulative deaths reported during the record periodData source
            Influenza
             30/06/2024–20/07/2024United States(618)U.S. CDC
             24/06/2024–07/07/2024Australia(82)Australian Department of Health
             22/07/2024–04/08/202441414
             19/08/2024–01/09/202423168
             14/07/2024–20/07/2024Canada(54568)Public Health Agency of Canada
             18/08/2024–24/08/202457
             01/01/2024–07/07/2024Laos(76)WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
             01/01/2024–07/07/2024Malaysia(3179)WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
             22/07/2024–04/08/2024436
             01/01/2024–19/08/20244433
             22/07/2024–04/08/2024New Zealand83WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
             01/01/2024–07/07/2024The Philippines(491)WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
             28/07/2024–31/08/2024United States781U.S. CDC
             27/08/2024–02/09/2024179
             08/09/2024–21/09/2024512
             01/01/2024–07/07/2024Vietnam(249)WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific
             19/08/20241
             01/01/2024–19/08/2024730
             11/07/2024Canada1 (H3N2)ProMED-mail
             11/07/2024–06/08/2024India11 (H1N1)ProMED-mail
             09/08/2024United States2 (H3N2)CIDRAP Center for Infectious Disease Policy Research
             24/08/20241 (H1N1)
             21/09/20242 (H3N2)
            Malaria
             04/08/2024–17/08/2024Afghanistan53751WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
             25/08/2024–31/08/20243489
             27/08/2024–02/09/20242850
             01/09/2024–14/09/20247816
             19/08/2024–01/09/2024Australia17Australian Department of Health
             24/06/2024–30/06/2024Britain7British Health and Safety Authority
             01/01/2024–18/08/2024Ethiopia4773900918WHO Regional Office for Africa
             01/07/2024–07/07/2024Somalia(88)United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             19/08/2024–01/09/2024355
            Human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza
             04/07/2024,22/07/2024United States7CIDRAP Center for Infectious Disease Policy Research
             06/07/2024–08/07/2024Cambodia2CIDRAP Center for Infectious Disease Policy Research
             03/08/20241
             20/08/20241
            Polio
             03/07/2024–10/07/2024Afghanistan3Global Polio website
             31/07/2024–06/08/20242
             14/08/2024–20/08/20242
             03/07/2024–09/07/2024Angola2Global Polio website
             07/08/2024–13/08/20241
             03/07/2024–10/07/2024Chad1Global Polio website
             21/08/2024–27/08/20242
             03/07/2024–23/07/2024Democratic Republic of the Congo3Global Polio website
             31/07/2024–06/08/20242
             21/08/2024–27/08/20241
             17/07/2024–23/07/2024Ethiopia5Global Polio website
             31/07/2024–06/08/20241
             26/06/2024–03/07/2024Guinea2Global Polio website
             26/06/2024–02/07/2024Indonesia4Global Polio website
             07/08/2024–13/08/2024Liberia1Global Polio website
             03/07/2024–09/07/2024Mozambique1Global Polio website
             10/07/2024–16/07/2024Nigeria1Global Polio website
             31/07/2024–06/08/20241
             14/08/2024–27/08/20243
             26/06/2024–02/07/2024Pakistan3Global Polio website
             17/07/2024–23/07/20241
             31/07/2024–13/08/20245
             17/07/2024–24/07/2024Somalia1Global Polio website
             31/07/2024–06/08/2024South Sudan1Global Polio website
             21/08/2024–27/08/20241
             26/06/2024–03/07/2024Niger1Global Polio website
             14/08/2024–20/08/20244
             03/07/2024–09/07/2024Yemen6Global Polio website
            Legionella
             23/06/2024–29/06/2024United States78U.S. CDC
             19/08/2024–01/09/2024Australia33Australian Department of Health
             30/06/2024–21/09/2024Hong Kong, China31Hong Kong Centre for Health Protection, China
             11/04/2024–08/08/2024Italy493European Union CDC
             08/07/2024–14/07/2024Japan80Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases
             29/07/2024–18/08/2024120
             26/08/2024–01/09/202443
             28/07/2024–03/08/2024Taiwan, China153China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
             30/06/2024–20/07/202437
            Yellow fever
             22/06/2024–30/06/2024Democratic Republic of the Congo32 (1)African CDC
             20/04/2024–19/07/2024South Sudan15African CDC
             20/07/2024–09/08/20249
            Zika virus disease
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Bolivia213WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–24/08/2024Brazil35751 (1865)WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–14/09/2024Colombia96WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             28/07/2024–03/08/20243
             15/09/2024–21/09/202410
             01/01/2024–07/09/2024Costa Rica28WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             28/07/2024–03/08/2024EI Salvador2WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–07/09/202464
             01/01/2024–13/07/2024Guatemala41 (2)WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–07/09/2024632
             20/06/2024–09/07/2024India(12)ProMED-mail
             01/01/2024–24/08/2024Mexico27WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/09/2024–21/09/202428
             01/01/2024–06/07/2024Paraguay4WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–20/07/2024Peru38WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             12–07–2024Taiwan, China(1)China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
             01/01/2024–24/08/202486WHO Regional Office for the Americas
            Scarlet fever
             24/06/2024–30/06/2024Britain88British Health and Safety Authority
             25/08/2024–31/08/2024South Korea72Korea CDC
             01/09/2024–14/09/2024142
            Paratyphoid fever
             10/06/2024–23/06/2024Australia3Australian Department of Health
            Typhoid fever
             01/07/2024–07/07/2024Somalia13429United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             01/01/2024–25/08/202417486
             01/01/2024–01/09/202417486
            Leptospirosis
             01/06/2024–07/06/2024Sri Lanka211Sri Lanka Ministry of Health
             15/06/2024–28/06/2024557
             27/07/2024–16/08/2024553
            Tuberculosis
             07/07/2024–13/07/2024United States157U.S. CDC
             11/08/2024–17/08/202456
             24/06/2024–30/06/2024Britain84British Health and Safety Authority
             24/06/2024–14/07/2024Japan744Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases
             29/07/2024–15/09/20241645
             07/07/2024–13/07/2024Korea344Korea CDC
             28/07/2024–14/09/20241405
             08/06/2024–28/06/2024Sri Lanka640Sri Lanka Ministry of Health
             20/07/2024–02/08/2024508
             10/08/2024–16/08/2024210
            Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli infection
             24/06/2024–14/07/2024Japan325Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases
             29/07/2024–15/08/2024933
            Hepatitis A
             30/06/2024–06/07/2024Singapore2Singapore Ministry of Health
             01/01/2024–23/07/2024Kenya19 (19)3WHO Regional Office for Africa
             01/09/2024India150ProMED-mail
            Hepatitis C
             30/06/2024–06/07/2024Korea106Korea CDC
             28/07/2024–03/08/202491
             30/06/2024–20/07/2024Taiwan, China28China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
             04/08/2024–31/08/202434
             08/09/2024–21/09/202415
            Hepatitis E
             13/07/2024–19/07/2024Burkina Faso7African CDC
             17/08/2024–23/09/202426
             31/08/2024–23/09/2024661
             06/07/2024–19/07/2024Chad805 (78)1African CDC
             20/07/2024–09/08/202455
             10/08/2024–13/09/202410411
             01/07/2024–07/07/2024Japan8Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases
             02/09/2024–08/09/202413
            Salmonella
             30/06/2024–13/07/2024United States2717U.S. CDC
             30/06/2024–21/09/2024Singapore359Singapore Ministry of Health
            Campylobacteriosis
             28/07/2024–17/08/2024United States2630U.S. CDC
             30/06/2024–20/07/2024Singapore34Singapore Ministry of Health
             28/07/2024–21/09/202473
             25/08/2024–31/08/2024United States802U.S. CDC
            Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
             30/06/2024–20/07/2024Afghanistan18621WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
             25/08/2024–31/08/2024332
             08/09/2024–14/09/2024221
             10–07–2024Pakistan(1)ProMED-mail
             01/01/2024–10/07/202415.003
             13/09/20242
            Chikungunya fever
             23/06/2024–29/06/2024Argentina(36)WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             28/07/2024–03/08/202470
             11/08/2024–17/08/20248
             01/01/2024–24/08/2024768 (768)
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Bolivia409WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             30/06/2024–20/07/2024Brazil22831WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             04/08/2024–24/08/202412584
             01/01/2024–07/09/2024386295 (242506)
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Colombia64WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–07/09/2024Costa Rica30WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–31/07/2024East Timor195European Union CDC
             01/01/2024–07/09/2024El Salvador41WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–06/07/2024Guatemala48WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–07/09/202481 (3)
             01/01/2024–31/07/2024India69395European Union CDC
             01/09/2024–06/09/202490ProMED-mail
             10/09/2024Iraq3 (3)ProMED-mail
             01/01/2024–31/07/2024Malaysia58European Union CDC
             01/01/2024–31/07/2024Pakistan1302European Union CDC
             01/01/2024–14/09/2024Paraguay2749 (43)WHO Regional Office for the Americas
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Peru83 (11)WHO Regional Office for the Americas
            Lassa fever
             24/06/2024–07/07/2024Nigeria219 (13)Nigeria CDC
             29/07/2024–25/08/2024455 (26)3
             09/09/2024–15/09/2024115 (5)1
            Hantavirus
             01/01/2024–01/07/2024United States(7)3ProMED-mail
             24–07–2024Panama1ProMED-mail
            Amebic dysentery
             30/06/2024–20/07/2024Taiwan, China206China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
            Pertussis
             30/06/2024–13/07/2024United States864U.S. CDC
             28/07/2024–10/08/2024442U.S. CDC
             24/06/2024–07/07/2024Australia2199Australian Department of Health
             22/07/2024–04/08/20242586
             30/06/2024–06/07/2024Korea1387Korea CDC
             28/07/2024–24/08/20242591
             27/08/2024Macau, China2Ministry of Health, Macau, China
             07/07/2024–13/07/2024Singapore4Singapore Ministry of Health
             01/01/2024–07/07/2024Somalia2343United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             16/07/2024–30/07/2024Taiwan, China(7)China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
            Diphtheria
             06/07/2024–19/07/2024Chad83034African CDC
             13/07/2024–16/08/2024Nigeria1305 (868)141African CDC
             17/08/2024–31/08/2024774 (332)14
             01/07/2024–07/07/2024Somalia9United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             01/01/2024–01/09/2024613
             11/08/2024Vietnam3ProMED-mail
            Chickenpox
             15/06/2024–28/06/2024Sri Lanka313Sri Lanka Ministry of Health
             20/07/2024–02/08/2024336
             10/08/2024–16/08/2024173
             19/08/2024–25/08/2024Japan4Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases
             01/09/2024–07/09/2024Taiwan, China10China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
             18/08/2024–24/08/2024United States885U.S. CDC
             08/09/2024–14/09/2024832
            Coccidioidomycosis
             30/06/2024–06/07/2024United States266U.S. CDC
             28/07/2024–10/08/2024666
             18/08/2024–31/08/2024297
             08/09/2024–14/09/202451
            Melioidosis
             12/07/2024–18/07/2024Hong Kong, China(1)Hong Kong Centre for Health Protection, China
             25/07/2024–29/08/20248
             30/08/2024–05/09/20241 (1)
             13/09/2024–19/09/20242 (2)
             06/08/2024–12/08/2024Taiwan, China193China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
            Leishmaniasis
             15/06/2024–28/06/2024Sri Lanka145Sri Lanka Ministry of Health
             27/07/2024–02/08/202457
             10/08/2024–16/08/202489
            Nipah virus disease
             22–07–2024India1ProMED-mail
             17/09/202411CIDRAP Center for Infectious Disease Policy Research
            Mumps
             07/07/2024–20/07/2024Korea218Korea CDC
             18/08/2024–24/08/2024111
             14/07/2024–20/07/2024Singapore8Singapore Ministry of Health
             28/07/2024–17/08/202413
             28/07/2024–17/08/2024Taiwan, China10China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
            Western equine encephalitis
             12/11/2023–13/07/2024Argentina577 (108)12Argentine Ministry of Health
            Bacillary dysentery
             24/06/2024–07/07/2024Australia106Australian Department of Health
             11/08/2024–17/08/2024United States202U.S. CDC
            Anthrax
             04/06/2024–23/06/2024Uganda11WHO Regional Office for Africa
             01/01/2024–04/08/2024South Sudan1333WHO Regional Office for Africa
            Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
             28/07/2024–24/08/2024Afghanistan19314WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
             14/08/2024Portugal1ProMED-mail
            Streptococcus pneumoniae
             28/07/2024–03/08/2024Taiwan, China11China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
            Amoebic dysentery
             04/08/2024–24/08/2024Taiwan, China17China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
            Scarlet fever
             04/08/2024–17/08/2024Korea154Korea CDC
            Respiratory syncytial virus
             22/07/2024–04/08/2024Australian8372Australian Department of Health
            Varicella
             22/07/2024–04/08/2024Australian91Australian Department of Health
            Eastern equine encephalitis
             27/08/2024United States1ProMED-mail
             27/08/2024United States11ProMED-mail
             05/09/20241
             09/09/20241
             18/09/20241
             23/09/202411
            Whooping cough
             19/08/2024–01/09/2024Australia3179Australian Department of Health
             09/09/2024–15/09/2024Japan103Japan National Institute of Infectious Diseases
             01/01/2024–01/09/2024Somalia2838U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             25/08/2024–07/08/2024South Korea980Korea CDC
             18/08/2024–31/08/2024United States501U.S. CDC
             08/09/2024–14/09/2024292
            Amoebic dysentery
             18/08/2024–31/08/2024Taiwan, China13China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
             08/09/2024–14/09/20244
            Parotitis
             18/08/2024–24/08/2024Singapore8Health Ministry of Singapore
             01/09/2024–21/09/202411
             01/09/2024–07/09/2024Taiwan, China5China Taiwan Disease Control Agency
             15/09/2024–21/09/20244
            Oropouche virus disease
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Bolivia356U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Brazil79312U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Colombia74 (74)U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Cuba506U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024Peru930U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             19/08/2024–25/08/2024Somalia20U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
             01/01/2024–31/08/2024United States21 (21)U.N. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
            Rift Valley fever
             01/03/2024–29/07/2024Uganda16 (5)5WHO Regional Office for Africa
            Avian influenza
             26/08/2024Ghana1 (H9N2)WHO
             20/09/2024United States1 (H5N1)CIDRAP Center for Infectious Disease Policy Research
            Marburg virus disease
             27/09/2024Rwanda1ProMED-mail
             28/09/2024266WHO

            CONCLUSION

            With climate change, population growth, urbanization, socioeconomic factors, changes in human behavior, and the emergence of new infectious diseases, the numbers of infectious disease events have markedly increased in recent years. These factors have fostered environments in which pathogens can thrive and spread easily. Enhancing sanitation conditions, strengthening public health systems, and raising public health awareness are essential components of comprehensive strategies to prevent the rise in infectious diseases.

            Moreover, timely monitoring, and effective prevention and control measures have become essential in decreasing disease transmission risk and protecting public health. These measures should include implementation of vaccination programs, public health campaigns to educate communities in hygiene practices, and establishment of robust surveillance systems to detect and respond to outbreaks swiftly. Collaborative efforts among governments, health organizations, and communities are crucial for enhancing resilience to infectious diseases, and ensuring that health systems can effectively respond to current and emerging threats. Additionally, addressing the root causes of these diseases, such as by improving living conditions and promoting sustainable practices, will play major roles in safeguarding public health in the future.

            REFERENCES

            1. Amponsah SK, Shegokar R, Pathak YV. Emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases of the decadeRising Contagious Diseases. 2024

            2. Piscitelli P, Miani A. Climate change and infectious diseases: navigating the intersection through innovation and interdisciplinary approaches. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024. Vol. 21(3):314

            3. Baker RE, Mahmud AS, Miller IF, Rajeev M, Rasambainarivo F, Rice BL, et al.. Infectious disease in an era of global change. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2022. Vol. 20(4):193–205

            4. Yang X, Quam MBM, Zhang T, Sang S. Global burden for dengue and the evolving pattern in the past 30 years. J Travel Med. 2021. Vol. 28(8):taab146

            5. Idoga PE, Toycan M, Zayyad MA. Analysis of Factors Contributing to the Spread of Cholera in Developing Countries. Eurasian J Med. 2019. Vol. 51(2):121–127

            6. Huang Y, Bergant V, Grass V, Emslander Q, Hamad MS, Hubel P, et al.. Multi-omics characterization of the monkeypox virus infection. Nat Commun. 2024. Vol. 15:6778

            7. Winter AK, Moss WJ. Possible paths to measles eradication: conceptual frameworks, strategies, and tactics. Vaccines. 2024. Vol. 12(7):814

            Author and article information

            Journal
            Journal ID (publisher-id): Zoonoses
            Title: Zoonoses
            Abbreviated Title: Zoonoses
            Publisher: Compuscript (Shannon, Ireland )
            ISSN (Print): 2737-7466
            ISSN (Electronic): 2737-7474
            Publication date (Electronic): 05 November 2024
            Volume: 4
            Issue: 1
            Electronic Location Identifier: e968
            Affiliations
            [1 ]Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China
            Author notes
            *Corresponding authors: E-mail: minjinghe0818@ 123456126.com (MH); wanhood@ 123456163.com , Tel: +86-13602601597 (DG)

            #Hongfang Chen and Zhiyuan Tao contributed equally to this work.

            Article
            DOI: 10.15212/ZOONOSES-2024-1003
            SO-VID: a0d8d8cc-db2f-448f-82ad-42fa83cf53d0
            Copyright © 2024 The Authors.
            License:

            This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY) 4.0, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

            History
            Date received : 07 October 2024
            Date revision received : 23 October 2024
            Date accepted : 24 October 2024
            Page count
            Figures: 3, Tables: 3, References: 7, Pages: 16
            Funding
            Funded by: National Key Research and Development Program of China
            Award ID: 2022YFC2302700
            Funded by: Guangdong Science and Technology Foundation
            Award ID: 2021A1515220084
            Funded by: Guangdong Science and Technology Foundation
            Award ID: 2020B1111160001
            Funded by: Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation
            Award ID: ZDSYS20210623092001003
            Funded by: Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation
            Award ID: GJHZ20200731095604013
            Funded by: Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation
            Award ID: JSGG20220301090003004
            Funded by: Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation
            Award ID: GJHZ20210705142007022
            Dayong Gu and Minjing He conceived and designed the project. The data were collected by Tinting Jiang, Xiaona Zhao, and Shuqiong Zhang. The figures and chart were made by Zhiyuan Tao and Hongfang Chen. The manuscript was written by Hongfang Chen and Minjing He. Shiping He revised the manuscript. Dayong Gu supervised the study. This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC2302700), Guangdong Science and Technology Foundation (2021A1515220084 and 2020B1111160001) and Shenzhen Science and Technology Foundation (ZDSYS20210623092001003, GJHZ20200731095604013, JSGG20220301090003004, and GJHZ20210705142007022).
            Categories
            Subject: Short Communication

            ScienceOpen disciplines: Parasitology,Animal science & Zoology,Molecular biology,Public health,Microbiology & Virology,Infectious disease & Microbiology
            Keywords: Cholera,Mpox,Measles,Infectious disease,Dengue

            Comments

            Comment on this article