Sizoku vuna ntoni? The Toll of Drought on South African informal Village Farming

Abstract

What will we reap this December? Is a popular question amongst informal village farmers as drought events in South Africa have become increasingly frequent and severe in recent years, posing significant challenges to agricultural communities, especially in rural villages. This paper presents a concise overview of a study conducted to assess the effects of drought on village farming in South Africa. South African villages heavily rely on subsistence and small-scale farming for their livelihoods, making them particularly vulnerable to the adverse impacts of droughts. These adverse effects encompass a wide range of dimensions, from food security to economic stability, and have far-reaching consequences for the well-being of these communities. This study employed a qualitative approach. Extensive interviews were conducted among informal villagers’ farmers, while historical weather data and satellite imagery were analyzed explain the extent and duration of drought periods. Additionally, the study incorporated an examination of government policies and support mechanisms. The study was conducted in the Eastern Cape, one of nine provinces of South Africa. The findings of this study revealed that droughts have profound and far-reaching effects on village farming in South Africa. Firstly, they lead to reduced crop yields and livestock losses, directly impacting food security and income generation. Secondly, the increased cost of water and reduced availability of water resources result in heightened financial burdens on farmers. Additionally, the study highlighted the vulnerability of women and marginalized groups, who often bear the brunt of drought impacts. Government policies and support systems were found to be inadequate in addressing the unique challenges faced by village farmers during drought events. Based on the study's findings, several recommendations are put forth. Firstly, there is a need for improved drought preparedness and risk reduction strategies, including the development of drought-resistant crop varieties and water management practices. Secondly, the government should enhance its support mechanisms for village farmers, providing timely financial assistance and technical guidance during drought events. Special attention should be given to empowering women and marginalized groups within these communities. Lastly, raising awareness and educating villagers on climate change adaptation and mitigation measures is crucial for building resilience.