This study focuses on managing infection risks during public hospital construction and renovation, with the case study of Zamboanga City Medical Center (ZCMC) in the Philippines. The objective is to identify the key challenges and best practices in managing infection risks during the construction and renovation of public hospitals, specifically in low- and middle-income countries. The study adopts a qualitative case study approach, drawing data from interviews with key stakeholders involved in the construction and renovation of ZCMC, as well as document analysis. The findings reveal that the main challenges in managing infection risks during construction and renovation of public hospitals in low- and middle-income countries are related to inadequate planning and preparation, insufficient resources, and poor communication and coordination among stakeholders. Best practices identified include the establishment of infection prevention and control committees, the use of appropriate personal protective equipment, and regular training and monitoring of construction workers. The study contributes to the literature on public administration and healthcare management by highlighting the importance of effective planning, resource allocation, and stakeholder coordination in managing infection risks during hospital construction and renovation. The findings are relevant to policymakers and practitioners involved in healthcare infrastructure development and infection prevention and control in low- and middle-income countries. Further research is needed to explore the generalizability of the findings to other settings and to identify effective strategies for addressing the identified challenges.