The Connection Framework: How designers and developers can impact social connection

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The Connection Framework: How designers and developers can impact social connection

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Author(s): Karoline Winzer

Publication date (Print): July 2023

Conference name: Proceedings of EVA London 2023 (EVA 2023)

Conference theme: Since 1990, the EVA London Conference has established itself as one of the United Kingdom’s most innovative and interdisciplinary conferences in the field of digital visualisation. The papers and abstracts in this volume cover areas such as the arts, culture, heritage, museums, music, performance, visual art, and visualisation, as well as related interdisciplinary areas, in combination with technology. The latest research and work by early career researchers, established scholars, practitioners, research students, and visual artists, can be found in this volume, published in full colour.

Conference date: 10–14 July 2023

Keywords: Social connection, Belonging, Design responsibility, Immersive experiences, Social media, Framework

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Karoline Winzer: http://www.karolinewinzer.com

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Publication date: July 2023

Publication date (Print): July 2023

Pages: 30-37

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DOI: 10.14236/ewic/EVA2023.5

SO-VID: 93b9da95-426f-4508-b249-4bfe742d4484

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Conference name: Proceedings of EVA London 2023

Conference acronym: EVA 2023

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Conference location: London

Conference date: 10–14 July 2023

Conference sponsor: Electronic Workshops in Computing (eWiC)

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1477-9358 BCS Learning & Development

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Self URI (journal page): https://ewic.bcs.org/

REFERENCES

Barker, E. (2016) This Is The Best Way to Overcome Fear of Missing Out. Time. https://time.com/4358140/overcome-fomo/ (retrieved 23 January 2022).
Basu, T. (2021) The metaverse has a groping problem already. Technology Review. https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/12/16/1042516/the-metaverse-has-a-groping-problem/ (retrieved 13 January 2022).
Bekalu, M. (2020) Social media use can be positive for mental health and well-being. Harvard School of Public Health News. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/features/social-media-positive-mental-health/ (retrieved 20 December 2021).
Berkovsky, S and Freyne, J. (2015) Personalized social network activity feeds for increased interaction and content contribution. Front. Robot. AI 2:24. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2015.00024
Cigna. (2018) Cigna U.S. Loneliness Index. Cigna. pp.2-3.
Civic Signals. (2020) Cultivate Belonging. New Public. https://newpublic.org/signals (retrieved 19 January 2022).
Fiske, A., Schubert, T. and Seibt, B. (2016) “Kama Muta” or ‘Being Moved by Love’: A Bootstrapping Approach to the Ontology and Epistemology of an Emotion. In: J. Cassaniti and U. Menon, ed., Universalism Without Uniformity: Explorations in Mind and Culture, 1st ed. Chicago and London: The Univer-sity of Chicago Press, pp.79-91. https://kamamutalab.org/publications/ (retrieved 22 January 2022).
Frenkel, S. and Browning, K. (2021) The Metaverse’s Dark Side: Here Come Harassment and Assaults. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/30/technology/metaverse-harassment-assaults.html (retrieved 13 January 2022).
Hillier, L. and Harrison, L. (2007) Building Realities Less Limited Than Their Own: Young People Practising Same-Sex Attraction on the Internet. Sexualities 10(1), pp.82-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460707072956 (retrieved 4 December 2021).
Hall, J., 2018. How many hours does it take to make a friend?. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(4), pp.1278-1296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407518761225
Haynes, T. (2018) Dopamine, Smartphones & You: A battle for your time. Science In The News: Harvard University. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/dopamine-smartphones-battle-time/ (retrieved 20 January 2022).
Heimlich, R. (2011) Using Social Media to Keep in Touch. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2011/12/22/using-social-media-to-keep-in-touch/ (retrieved 20 January 2022).
Hern, A. (2018) Instagram is supposed to be friendly. So why is it making people so miserable?. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/sep/17/instagram-is-supposed-to-be-friendly-so-why-is-it-making-people-so-miserable (retrieved 4 December 2021).
Holt-Lunstad, J. (2017) The Potential Public Health Relevance of Social Isolation and Loneliness: Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Risk Factors. Public Policy & Aging Report, 27(4), pp.127-130. https://doi.org/10.1093/ppar/prx030 (retrieved 6 November 2021).
Hosterman, A., Johnson, N., Stouffer, R. and Harring, S. (2018) Twitter, Social Support Messages and the #MeToo Movement. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 7(2), pp.69-91. https://thejsms.org/index.php/JSMS/article/view/475/198 (retrieved 4 December 2021).
Hung, L., Neuner, S., Polepalli, J., Beier, K., Wright, M., Walsh, J., Lewis, E., Luo, L., Deisseroth, K., Dölen, G. and Malenka, R. (2017) Gating of social reward by oxytocin in the ventral tegmental area. Science. 2017 Sep 29;357(6358):1406-1411. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aan4994 (retrieved 6 November 2021).
Jiang, S. and Ngien, A. (2020) The Effects of Instagram Use, Social Comparison, and Self-Esteem on Social Anxiety: A Survey Study in Singapore. Social Media + Society, 6(2), p.205630512091248. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305120912488 (retrieved 4 December 2021).
Kırcaburun, K., Kokkinos, C., Demetrovics, Z., Király, O., Griffiths, M. and Çolak, T. (2018) Problematic Online Behaviors among Adolescents and Emerging Adults: Associations between Cyberbullying Perpetration, Problematic Social Media Use, and Psychosocial Factors. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(4), pp.891-908. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11469-018-9894-8 (retrieved 20 January 2022).
Lacasa, P., Méndez Zaballos, L. and de la Fuente Prieto, J. (2016) Fandom, Music and Personal Relationships through Media: How Teenagers Use Social Networks. IASPM@Journal, 6(1), pp.44-67. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309743198_Fandom_Music_and_Personal_Relationships_through_Media_How_Teenagers_Use_Social_Networks (retrieved 20 December 2021).
Lukas, E. (2015) The Best Instagram Filters for Every Beauty Complaint. InStyle. https://www.instyle.com/news/instagram-filters-beauty-complaints (retrieved 20 January 2022).
Madray, D. (2019) The Role of Experiential Design in an Increasingly Disconnected Society. Medium. https://immerse.news/the-role-of-experiential-design-in-an-increasinglydisconnected-society-55ab6e3f1414 (retrieved 8 November 2021).
Martino, J., Pegg, J. and Frates, E. (2015) The Connection Prescription: Using the Power of Social Interactions and the Deep Desire for Connectedness to Empower Health and Wellness. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 11(6), pp.466-475. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6125010/ [Accessed 7 November 2021].
McNamera, B. (2021) The Science Behind Social Media's Hold on Our Mental Health. Teen Vogue. https://www.teenvogue.com/story/the-science-behind-social-medias-hold-on-our-mental-health (retrieved 20 January 2022).
McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L. and Cook, J. (2001) Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks. Annual Review of Sociology, 27(1), pp.415-444. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415 (retrieved 27 December 2021).
Milmo, D. (2021) Facebook revelations: what is in cache of internal documents?. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/oct/25/facebook-revelations-from-misinformation-to-mental-health?utm_source=pocket-newtab-global-en-GB (retrieved 8 November 2021).
Oliver, J. (2018) Facebook: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO). Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjPYmEZxACM&t=1052s (retrieved 27 December 2021).
Paveza, M. (2021) The Inconvenient Truth About Ecommerce Personalization. The Good.
https://thegood.com/insights/the-inconvenient-truth-about-personalization/ (retrieved 27 December 2021).
Peebles, E. (2014) Cyberbullying: Hiding behind the screen. Paediatrics & Child Health, 19(10), pp.527-528. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4276384/ (retrieved 20 January 2022).
Pittman, M. and Reich, B. (2016) Social media and loneliness: Why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, pp.155-167.
Pozniak, H. (2019) Intersection: Where Philanthro-py Meets Business | Marin Community Foundation. https://mcf-intersection.com/article/empathetic-vr (retrieved 20 January 2022).
Reviglio, U. and Agosti, C. (2020) ‘Thinking Outside the Black-Box: The Case for “Algorithmic Sov-ereignty” in Social Media’, Social Media + Society. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305120915613 (received 20 January 2022).
Seder, A. (2019) ‘Feels so right to be back in the first place we called home together. What do you think everyone – New York or LA?.’ [Instagram]. 22 May. https://www.instagram.com/p/Bxx_jfoAEkk (retrieved 30 May 2019).
Seppälä, E. (2014) Dr. Emma Seppälä : The Power & Science of Social Connection. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZvUppaDfNs (retrieved 23 September 2021).
Turkle, S. (2012) Connected, but Alone?. https://www.ted.com/talks/sherry_turkle_connected_but_alone/up-next (retrieved 8 November 2021).
Umberson, D. and Karas Montez, J., (2010) Social Relationships and Health: A Flashpoint for Health Policy. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(1_suppl), pp.S54-S66. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3150158/ (retrieved 5 November 2021).
Vitova, D. (2022) How Sexist Are Lensa’s Magic Avatars? https://aninjusticemag.com/how-sexist-are-lensas-magic-avatars-cd92cfd74c4b (retrieved 13 March 2023)
Waizenegger, L., Remus, U. and Maier, R. (2016) The Social Media Trap -- How Knowledge Workers Learn to Deal with Constant Social Connectivity. In: 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7427448 (retrieved 27 December 2021).
Wiest, B. (2018) Connection Is a Core Human Need, But We Are Terrible at It. https://www.sott.net/article/408500-Connection-is-a-core-human-need-but-we-are-terrible-at-it (retrieved 6 November 2021).
Winzer, K. (2022) Designed Connection. dissertation.
Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Ding, W., Huang, W., Su, Q. and Chen, P. (2015). Proposing a new friend recommendation method, FRUTAI, to enhance social media providers' performance. Decision Support Systems, 79, pp.46-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2015.07.008 (retrieved 20 January 2022).

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Comment on this article

[1] Barker, E. (2016) This Is The Best Way to Overcome Fear of Missing Out. Time. https://time.com/4358140/overcome-fomo/ (retrieved 23 January 2022).

[2] Basu, T. (2021) The metaverse has a groping problem already. Technology Review. https://www.technologyreview.com/2021/12/16/1042516/the-metaverse-has-a-groping-problem/ (retrieved 13 January 2022).

[3] Bekalu, M. (2020) Social media use can be positive for mental health and well-being. Harvard School of Public Health News. https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/features/social-media-positive-mental-health/ (retrieved 20 December 2021).

[4] Berkovsky, S and Freyne, J. (2015) Personalized social network activity feeds for increased interaction and content contribution. Front. Robot. AI 2:24. doi: 10.3389/frobt.2015.00024

[5] Cigna. (2018) Cigna U.S. Loneliness Index. Cigna. pp.2-3.

[6] Civic Signals. (2020) Cultivate Belonging. New Public. https://newpublic.org/signals (retrieved 19 January 2022).

[7] Fiske, A., Schubert, T. and Seibt, B. (2016) “Kama Muta” or ‘Being Moved by Love’: A Bootstrapping Approach to the Ontology and Epistemology of an Emotion. In: J. Cassaniti and U. Menon, ed., Universalism Without Uniformity: Explorations in Mind and Culture, 1st ed. Chicago and London: The Univer-sity of Chicago Press, pp.79-91. https://kamamutalab.org/publications/ (retrieved 22 January 2022).

[8] Frenkel, S. and Browning, K. (2021) The Metaverse’s Dark Side: Here Come Harassment and Assaults. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/30/technology/metaverse-harassment-assaults.html (retrieved 13 January 2022).

[9] Hillier, L. and Harrison, L. (2007) Building Realities Less Limited Than Their Own: Young People Practising Same-Sex Attraction on the Internet. Sexualities 10(1), pp.82-100. https://doi.org/10.1177/1363460707072956 (retrieved 4 December 2021).

[10] Hall, J., 2018. How many hours does it take to make a friend?. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 36(4), pp.1278-1296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407518761225

[11] Haynes, T. (2018) Dopamine, Smartphones & You: A battle for your time. Science In The News: Harvard University. https://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2018/dopamine-smartphones-battle-time/ (retrieved 20 January 2022).

[12] Heimlich, R. (2011) Using Social Media to Keep in Touch. Pew Research Center. https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2011/12/22/using-social-media-to-keep-in-touch/ (retrieved 20 January 2022).

[13] Hern, A. (2018) Instagram is supposed to be friendly. So why is it making people so miserable?. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/sep/17/instagram-is-supposed-to-be-friendly-so-why-is-it-making-people-so-miserable (retrieved 4 December 2021).

[14] Holt-Lunstad, J. (2017) The Potential Public Health Relevance of Social Isolation and Loneliness: Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Risk Factors. Public Policy & Aging Report, 27(4), pp.127-130. https://doi.org/10.1093/ppar/prx030 (retrieved 6 November 2021).

[15] Hosterman, A., Johnson, N., Stouffer, R. and Harring, S. (2018) Twitter, Social Support Messages and the #MeToo Movement. The Journal of Social Media in Society, 7(2), pp.69-91. https://thejsms.org/index.php/JSMS/article/view/475/198 (retrieved 4 December 2021).

[16] Hung, L., Neuner, S., Polepalli, J., Beier, K., Wright, M., Walsh, J., Lewis, E., Luo, L., Deisseroth, K., Dölen, G. and Malenka, R. (2017) Gating of social reward by oxytocin in the ventral tegmental area. Science. 2017 Sep 29;357(6358):1406-1411. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aan4994 (retrieved 6 November 2021).

[17] Jiang, S. and Ngien, A. (2020) The Effects of Instagram Use, Social Comparison, and Self-Esteem on Social Anxiety: A Survey Study in Singapore. Social Media + Society, 6(2), p.205630512091248. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305120912488 (retrieved 4 December 2021).

[18] Kırcaburun, K., Kokkinos, C., Demetrovics, Z., Király, O., Griffiths, M. and Çolak, T. (2018) Problematic Online Behaviors among Adolescents and Emerging Adults: Associations between Cyberbullying Perpetration, Problematic Social Media Use, and Psychosocial Factors. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 17(4), pp.891-908. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11469-018-9894-8 (retrieved 20 January 2022).

[19] Lacasa, P., Méndez Zaballos, L. and de la Fuente Prieto, J. (2016) Fandom, Music and Personal Relationships through Media: How Teenagers Use Social Networks. IASPM@Journal, 6(1), pp.44-67. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309743198_Fandom_Music_and_Personal_Relationships_through_Media_How_Teenagers_Use_Social_Networks (retrieved 20 December 2021).

[20] Lukas, E. (2015) The Best Instagram Filters for Every Beauty Complaint. InStyle. https://www.instyle.com/news/instagram-filters-beauty-complaints (retrieved 20 January 2022).

[21] Madray, D. (2019) The Role of Experiential Design in an Increasingly Disconnected Society. Medium. https://immerse.news/the-role-of-experiential-design-in-an-increasinglydisconnected-society-55ab6e3f1414 (retrieved 8 November 2021).

[22] Martino, J., Pegg, J. and Frates, E. (2015) The Connection Prescription: Using the Power of Social Interactions and the Deep Desire for Connectedness to Empower Health and Wellness. American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine, 11(6), pp.466-475. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6125010/ [Accessed 7 November 2021].

[23] McNamera, B. (2021) The Science Behind Social Media's Hold on Our Mental Health. Teen Vogue. https://www.teenvogue.com/story/the-science-behind-social-medias-hold-on-our-mental-health (retrieved 20 January 2022).

[24] McPherson, M., Smith-Lovin, L. and Cook, J. (2001) Birds of a Feather: Homophily in Social Networks. Annual Review of Sociology, 27(1), pp.415-444. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.415 (retrieved 27 December 2021).

[25] Milmo, D. (2021) Facebook revelations: what is in cache of internal documents?. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/oct/25/facebook-revelations-from-misinformation-to-mental-health?utm_source=pocket-newtab-global-en-GB (retrieved 8 November 2021).

[26] Oliver, J. (2018) Facebook: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO). Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OjPYmEZxACM&t=1052s (retrieved 27 December 2021).

[27] Paveza, M. (2021) The Inconvenient Truth About Ecommerce Personalization. The Good.

[28] https://thegood.com/insights/the-inconvenient-truth-about-personalization/ (retrieved 27 December 2021).

[29] Peebles, E. (2014) Cyberbullying: Hiding behind the screen. Paediatrics & Child Health, 19(10), pp.527-528. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4276384/ (retrieved 20 January 2022).

[30] Pittman, M. and Reich, B. (2016) Social media and loneliness: Why an Instagram picture may be worth more than a thousand Twitter words. Computers in Human Behavior, 62, pp.155-167.

[31] Pozniak, H. (2019) Intersection: Where Philanthro-py Meets Business | Marin Community Foundation. https://mcf-intersection.com/article/empathetic-vr (retrieved 20 January 2022).

[32] Reviglio, U. and Agosti, C. (2020) ‘Thinking Outside the Black-Box: The Case for “Algorithmic Sov-ereignty” in Social Media’, Social Media + Society. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2056305120915613 (received 20 January 2022).

[33] Seder, A. (2019) ‘Feels so right to be back in the first place we called home together. What do you think everyone – New York or LA?.’ [Instagram]. 22 May. https://www.instagram.com/p/Bxx_jfoAEkk (retrieved 30 May 2019).

[34] Seppälä, E. (2014) Dr. Emma Seppälä : The Power & Science of Social Connection. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WZvUppaDfNs (retrieved 23 September 2021).

[35] Turkle, S. (2012) Connected, but Alone?. https://www.ted.com/talks/sherry_turkle_connected_but_alone/up-next (retrieved 8 November 2021).

[36] Umberson, D. and Karas Montez, J., (2010) Social Relationships and Health: A Flashpoint for Health Policy. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 51(1_suppl), pp.S54-S66. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3150158/ (retrieved 5 November 2021).

[37] Vitova, D. (2022) How Sexist Are Lensa’s Magic Avatars? https://aninjusticemag.com/how-sexist-are-lensas-magic-avatars-cd92cfd74c4b (retrieved 13 March 2023)

[38] Waizenegger, L., Remus, U. and Maier, R. (2016) The Social Media Trap -- How Knowledge Workers Learn to Deal with Constant Social Connectivity. In: 2016 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). IEEE. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/7427448 (retrieved 27 December 2021).

[39] Wiest, B. (2018) Connection Is a Core Human Need, But We Are Terrible at It. https://www.sott.net/article/408500-Connection-is-a-core-human-need-but-we-are-terrible-at-it (retrieved 6 November 2021).

[40] Winzer, K. (2022) Designed Connection. dissertation.

[41] Zhang, Z., Liu, Y., Ding, W., Huang, W., Su, Q. and Chen, P. (2015). Proposing a new friend recommendation method, FRUTAI, to enhance social media providers' performance. Decision Support Systems, 79, pp.46-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2015.07.008 (retrieved 20 January 2022).

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The Connection Framework: How designers and developers can impact social connection

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