The first 20 years of Ghanaian independence has seen industrial relations in the mining industry transformed from the relative stability of the early Nkrumah years when the mineworkers’ living standards constantly rose, to a fierce confrontation by the rank and file workers, not only with the military regime, but also with the trades union leadership. The alliance of mining capital, the State and the trades union bureaucracy which faces the mineworkers has resulted in their development of a militant class consciousness. As yet, it is a defensive consciousness, disruptive, but not linked to any socialist transition in Ghana.
C.G. Farmilo , E. Sandi and S. Mempel ‘Arsenic Poisoning of Prestea People’ , 5th International Meeting of Forensic Science , Toronto , 1969 .