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      Dog assisted education in children with rheumatic diseases and adolescents with chronic pain in Germany Translated title: Tiergestützte Erlebnispädagogik bei Kindern mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen und Jugendlichen mit chronischen Schmerzen in Deutschland

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          Abstract

          Objectives:

          Animal assisted intervention is an increasingly accepted tool to improve human well-being. The present study was performed to assess whether dog assisted education has a positive effect on children suffering from rheumatic disorders with pain and adolescents with chronic pain syndrome.

          Design:

          Two groups of juvenile patients were recruited: 7-17-year-old children in children with rheumatic diseases and adolescents with chronic pain syndromes. Overall, n=26 participated in the intervention, and n=29 in the control group.

          Setting:

          The intervention group met once a month, 12 times overall, for working with man trailing dogs in various locations.

          Main outcome measures:

          The influence of dog assisted education on quality of life (PedsQL TM Scoring Algorithm), pain intensity, perception, coping (Paediatric Pain Coping Inventory-Revised), and state anxiety (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) was assessed.

          Results:

          The quality of life increased significantly in the investigated period, but for both, the intervention and the control group. The state anxiety of children was lower after the dog assisted education than before. After the dog training sessions, state anxiety was 18% to 30% lower than before the intervention.

          Some participants noted subjectively improved pain coping and changes in pain perception, which were not found in the data.

          Conclusion:

          Our results indicate that for children with rheumatic diseases and adolescents with chronic pain syndromes dog assisted education (1) might lead to an increase of the quality of life, (2) leads to decreased state anxiety from pre to post intervention and (3) does not influence pain perception, frequency and intensity.

          Zusammenfassung

          Zielsetzung:

          Tiergestützte Interventionen sind ein zunehmend akzeptiertes Instrument zur Verbesserung des menschlichen Wohlbefindens. Die vorliegende Studie wurde durchgeführt, um herauszufinden, ob tiergestützte Erlebnispädagogik positive Effekte bei Kindern mit entzündlich-rheumatischen Erkrankungen sowie auf Jugendliche mit chronischem Schmerzsyndrom hat.

          Studiendesign:

          Es wurden zwei Gruppen von Patienten im Alter von 7-17 Jahren rekrutiert: Kinder mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen und Jugendliche mit chronischen Schmerzsyndromen. Insgesamt nahmen n=26 an den Interventionsgruppen und n=29 an den Kontrollgruppen teil.

          Rahmenbedingungen:

          Die Interventionsgruppe traf sich einmal im Monat, insgesamt 12 Mal, um an verschiedenen Orten mit Mantrailing-Hunden zu arbeiten.

          Wichtigste gemessene Parameter:

          Der Einfluss der tiergestützten Pädagogik auf Lebensqualität (PedsQL TM Scoring Algorithm), Schmerzintensität, -wahrnehmung, -bewältigung (Paediatric Pain Coping Inventory-Revised) und Angstzustand (State Trait Anxiety Inventory) wurde untersucht.

          Ergebnisse:

          Im Untersuchungszeitraum zeigte sich eine signifikante Verbesserung der Lebensqualität sowohl in der Interventions- als auch in der Kontrollgruppe. Der Angstzustand der Kinder war nach den Interventionen geringer als vorher. Nach den Trainingssitzungen mit den Hunden war der Angstzustand um 18 bis 30% niedriger als vor der Intervention.

          Einige Teilnehmer berichteten von einer subjektiv verbesserten Schmerzbewältigung und einer veränderten Schmerzwahrnehmung, die sich in den Daten nicht nachweisen ließ.

          Fazit:

          Unsere Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass die hundegestützte Pädagogik (1) bei Kindern mit rheumatischen Erkrankungen und Jugendlichen mit chronischen Schmerzsyndromen zu einer Steigerung der Lebensqualität führen kann (2), zu einer Verringerung der Angstzustände vor und nach der Intervention führt, (3) und die Schmerzwahrnehmung, -häufigkeit und -intensität nicht beeinflusst.

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          Most cited references24

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          Measures of anxiety: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A).

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            Migraine and psychiatric comorbidity: a review of clinical findings

            Migraine is an extremely common disorder. The underlying mechanisms of this chronic illness interspersed with acute symptoms appear to be increasingly complex. An important aspect of migraine heterogeneity is comorbidity with other neurological diseases, cardiovascular disorders, and psychiatric illnesses. Depressive disorders are among the leading causes of disability worldwide according to WHO estimation. In this review, we have mainly considered the findings from general population studies and studies on clinical samples, in adults and children, focusing on the association between migraine and psychiatric disorders (axis I of the DSM), carried over after the first classification of IHS (1988). Though not easily comparable due to differences in methodology to reach diagnosis, general population studies generally indicate an increased risk of affective and anxiety disorders in patients with migraine, compared to non-migrainous subjects. There would also be a trend towards an association of migraine with bipolar disorder, but not with substance abuse/dependence. With respect to migraine subtypes, comorbidity mainly involves migraine with aura. Patients suffering from migraine, however, show a decreased risk of developing affective and anxiety disorders compared to patients with daily chronic headache. It would also appear that psychiatric disorders prevail in patients with chronic headache and substance use than in patients with simple migraine. The mechanisms underlying migraine psychiatric comorbidity are presently poorly understood, but this topic remains a priority for future research. Psychiatric comorbidity indeed affects migraine evolution, may lead to chronic substance use, and may change treatment strategies, eventually modifying the outcome of this important disorder.
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              • Article: not found

              Neurophysiological Correlates of Affiliative Behaviour between Humans and Dogs

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS Journal for Medical Education
                German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
                2366-5017
                16 June 2023
                15 June 2023
                2023
                : 40
                : 4
                : Doc44
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Klinikum der LMU München, Institute for Medical Education, Munich, Germany
                [2 ]Munich, Germany
                [3 ]Ulm, Germany
                [4 ]eo ipso Strategie & Entwicklung GmbH, Krailling, Germany
                [5 ]K-9 Headquarter, Pürgen, Germany
                [6 ]Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Munich, Germany
                Author notes
                *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Annette F. Jansson, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Department of Rheumatology & Immunology, Munich, Germany, Phone: +49 (0)89/4400-52811, E-mail: annette.jansson@ 123456med.uni-muenchen.de
                Article
                zma001626 Doc44 urn:nbn:de:0183-zma0016265
                10.3205/zma001626
                10407579
                fe84a07f-bbb4-45cf-b6ed-6c90a6218792
                Copyright © 2023 Kiesewetter et al.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. See license information at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 24 November 2022
                : 20 April 2023
                : 01 March 2023
                Categories
                Article

                animal assisted intervention,dog assisted education,chronic pain,rheumatic diseases,children,adolescents

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