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      Molecular biomarker research in periodontology: A roadmap for translation of science to clinical assay validation

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          Abstract

          The number of studies that aims to apply host‐ or microbe‐derived biochemical biomarkers to periodontal disease diagnosis has increased significantly during the last three decades. The biochemical markers can reflect the presence, severity, and activity of periodontal diseases; however, heterogeneities in applied laboratory methods, data presentation, statistical analysis, and data interpretation prevent the translation of candidate host‐ or microbe‐derived biochemical biomarkers to clinical assay validation. Here, we propose a roadmap for making the research outcomes comparable and re‐analysable with the ultimate goal of translating research to clinical practice. This roadmap presents reporting recommendations for host‐ or microbe‐derived biochemical biomarker studies in periodontology. We aim to make essential elements of the research work (including diagnostic criteria, clinical endpoint definitions, participant recruitment criteria, sample collection and storage techniques, biochemical and microbiological detection methods, and applied statistical analysis) visible and comparable.

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          Most cited references33

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          Biomarkers and surrogate endpoints: preferred definitions and conceptual framework.

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            A new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions - Introduction and key changes from the 1999 classification

            A classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions is necessary for clinicians to properly diagnose and treat patients as well as for scientists to investigate etiology, pathogenesis, natural history, and treatment of the diseases and conditions. This paper summarizes the proceedings of the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions. The workshop was co-sponsored by the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) and included expert participants from all over the world. Planning for the conference, which was held in Chicago on November 9 to 11, 2017, began in early 2015. An organizing committee from the AAP and EFP commissioned 19 review papers and four consensus reports covering relevant areas in periodontology and implant dentistry. The authors were charged with updating the 1999 classification of periodontal diseases and conditions and developing a similar scheme for peri-implant diseases and conditions. Reviewers and workgroups were also asked to establish pertinent case definitions and to provide diagnostic criteria to aid clinicians in the use of the new classification. All findings and recommendations of the workshop were agreed to by consensus. This introductory paper presents an overview for the new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions, along with a condensed scheme for each of four workgroup sections, but readers are directed to the pertinent consensus reports and review papers for a thorough discussion of the rationale, criteria, and interpretation of the proposed classification. Changes to the 1999 classification are highlighted and discussed. Although the intent of the workshop was to base classification on the strongest available scientific evidence, lower level evidence and expert opinion were inevitably used whenever sufficient research data were unavailable. The scope of this workshop was to align and update the classification scheme to the current understanding of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions. This introductory overview presents the schematic tables for the new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions and briefly highlights changes made to the 1999 classification. It cannot present the wealth of information included in the reviews, case definition papers, and consensus reports that has guided the development of the new classification, and reference to the consensus and case definition papers is necessary to provide a thorough understanding of its use for either case management or scientific investigation. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that the reader use this overview as an introduction to these subjects. Accessing this publication online will allow the reader to use the links in this overview and the tables to view the source papers (Table ).
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              Reporting Recommendations for Tumor Marker Prognostic Studies (REMARK): An Abridged Explanation and Elaboration

              Abstract The Reporting Recommendations for Tumor Marker Prognostic Studies (REMARK) were developed to address widespread deficiencies in the reporting of such studies. The REMARK checklist consists of 20 items to report for published tumor marker prognostic studies. A detailed paper was published explaining the rationale behind checklist items, providing positive examples and giving empirical evidence of the quality of reporting. REMARK provides a comprehensive overview to educate on good reporting and provide a valuable reference for the many issues to consider when designing, conducting, and analyzing tumor marker studies and prognostic studies in medicine in general. Despite support for REMARK from major cancer journals, prognostic factor research studies remain poorly reported. To encourage dissemination and uptake of REMARK, we have produced this considerably abridged version of the detailed explanatory manuscript, which may also serve as a brief guide to key issues for investigators planning tumor marker prognostic studies. To summarize the current situation, more recent papers investigating the quality of reporting and related reporting guidelines are cited, but otherwise the literature is not updated. Another important impetus for this paper is that it serves as a basis for literal translations into other languages. Translations will help to bring key information to a larger audience world-wide. Many more details can be found in the original paper.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                ulvi.gursoy@utu.fi
                AKantarci@forsyth.org
                Journal
                J Clin Periodontol
                J Clin Periodontol
                10.1111/(ISSN)1600-051X
                JCPE
                Journal of Clinical Periodontology
                Blackwell Publishing Ltd (Oxford, UK )
                0303-6979
                1600-051X
                03 April 2022
                June 2022
                : 49
                : 6 ( doiID: 10.1111/jcpe.v49.6 )
                : 556-561
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Department of Periodontology Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku Turku Finland
                [ 2 ] The Forsyth Institute Cambridge Massachusetts USA
                [ 3 ] School of Dental Medicine Harvard University Boston Massachusetts USA
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Ulvi Kahraman Gürsoy, Department of Periodontology, Institute of Dentistry, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.

                Email: ulvi.gursoy@ 123456utu.fi

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1225-5751
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2679-9100
                Article
                JCPE13617
                10.1111/jcpe.13617
                9321848
                35322451
                f6236a25-cb40-47fb-b08f-64d5b257ff84
                © 2022 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Periodontology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

                History
                : 20 February 2022
                : 09 January 2022
                : 13 March 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 1, Pages: 6, Words: 4707
                Categories
                Clinical Innovation Report
                Diagnosis, Epidemiology and Associated Co‐morbidities
                Custom metadata
                2.0
                June 2022
                Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.1.7 mode:remove_FC converted:26.07.2022

                Dentistry
                gingivitis,gingival crevicular fluid,periodontal diseases,periodontitis,saliva
                Dentistry
                gingivitis, gingival crevicular fluid, periodontal diseases, periodontitis, saliva

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