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      Geomorfología y espeleogénesis del sistema kárstico de Cuevas de Venado, Costa Rica Translated title: Geomorphology and speleogenesis of the karst system of Venado Caves, Costa Rica

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          Abstract

          Resumen El karst de Venado de San Carlos se desarrolla en rocas calizas del Mioceno de la formación Venado, y en él se encuentran sistemas de cuevas, dolinas, sumideros, surgencias y ríos subterráneos. Las calizas están parcialmente cubiertas por rocas volcánicas del Cuaternario (e.g. lavas, lahares, tefras) y depósitos de deslizamiento. La zona tiene un importante dominio estructural, influenciado por el Sistema Transtensivo de Venado, el cual está dominado por fallas dextrales con trazas NW. El sistema kárstico de cuevas de Venado comprende tres cuevas principales: Menonitas, Higuera y Gabinarraca, en las que se ha cartografiado un total de 4925 m de galerías. La cueva Gabinarraca es la más conocida, ya que está habilitada para el turismo desde hace más de dos décadas. La morfología de los pasajes de las cuevas sugiere un importante dominio estructural, así como un significativo aporte de sedimentos durante la espeleogénesis, el cual se ve evidenciado en pasajes paragenéticos, nichos aluviales, pasajes colmatados de sedimentos y patrones típicos de cuevas formadas por inundaciones. Se comprobó la conexión hídrica de las tres cuevas principales, mediante uso de trazadores, el cual corresponde al sistema de cuevas de mayor extensión conocido en Costa Rica. A partir de los ensayos con trazadores y los análisis químicos de aguas, se sugiere que el agua tiene un tiempo de residencia menor a un día en el acuífero kárstico.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The karst of Venado in San Carlos is hosted in the Miocene limestones of the Venado formation, and comprises cave systems, dolines, sinkholes, karst springs and underground rivers. Limestones are partially covered by Quaternary volcanic rocks (e.g. lavas, lahars, tephras) and landslide deposits. The zone has an important structural domain, influenced by the Venado Transtensive System, which is dominated by dextral faults with NW traces. The Venado karst cave system consists of three main caves: Menonitas, Higuera and Gabinarraca, in which a total of 4925 m of passages have been mapped. The Gabinarraca cave is the best known, since it has been used for tourism for over two decades. The morphology of the cave passages suggests an important structural domain, as well as a significant contribution of sediments during speleogenesis, which is evidenced in paragenetic passages, alluvial notches, passages filled with sediments and typical patterns of caves formed by floods. The hydrological connection of the three main caves was confirmed by tracers, being the largest known cave system in Costa Rica. Based on tracer tests and chemical analyzes of water, it is suggested that the water has a residence time of less than one day in the aquifer.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rgac
                Revista Geológica de América Central
                Rev. Geol. Amér. Central
                Universidad de Costa Rica (San Pedro de Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica )
                0256-7024
                0256-7024
                June 2021
                : 64
                : 58-89
                Affiliations
                [3] orgnameUniversidad de Costa Rica orgdiv1Instituto Clodomiro Picado Costa Rica
                [2] orgnameUniversidad de Costa Rica orgdiv1Escuela Centroamericana de (ECG) Costa Rica
                [1] orgnameUniversidad de Costa Rica orgdiv1Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Geológicas (CICG) Costa Rica andres.ulloa@ 123456ucr.ac.cr
                Article
                S0256-70242021000100058 S0256-7024(21)00006400058
                10.15517/rgac.v0i64.46619
                f33b9004-b924-41ab-8d38-36525154a5a8

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 October 2020
                : 21 January 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 72, Pages: 32
                Product

                SciELO Costa Rica

                Categories
                Artículo

                hidrogeología kárstica,trazadores,sedimentos,paragénesis,Venado de San Carlos,Caves,Karst,Karst Hydrogeology,Tracers,Sediments,Paragenesis,cuevas,karst

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