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      Science Highlights and Final Updates from 17 Years of Total Solar Irradiance Measurements from the SOlar Radiation and Climate Experiment/ Total Irradiance Monitor (SORCE/TIM)

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      Solar Physics
      Springer Netherlands
      Solar irradiance, Solar variability, Earth climate, Solar cycle, Integrated Sun observations

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          Abstract

          The final version (V.19) of the total solar irradiance data from the SOlar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) Total Irradiance Monitor has been released. This version includes all calibrations updated to the end of the mission and provides irradiance data from 25 February 2003 through 25 February 2020. These final calibrations are presented along with the resulting final data products. An overview of the on-orbit operations timeline is provided as well as the associated changes in the time-dependent uncertainties. Scientific highlights from the instrument are also presented. These include the establishment of a new, lower TSI value; accuracy improvements to other TSI instruments via a new calibration facility; the lowest on-orbit noise (for high sensitivity to solar variability) of any TSI instrument; the best inherent stability of any on-orbit TSI instrument; a lengthy (17-year) measurement record benefitting from these stable, low-noise measurements; the first reported detection of a solar flare in TSI; and observations of two Venus transits and four Mercury transits.

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          Kepler planet-detection mission: introduction and first results.

          The Kepler mission was designed to determine the frequency of Earth-sized planets in and near the habitable zone of Sun-like stars. The habitable zone is the region where planetary temperatures are suitable for water to exist on a planet's surface. During the first 6 weeks of observations, Kepler monitored 156,000 stars, and five new exoplanets with sizes between 0.37 and 1.6 Jupiter radii and orbital periods from 3.2 to 4.9 days were discovered. The density of the Neptune-sized Kepler-4b is similar to that of Neptune and GJ 436b, even though the irradiation level is 800,000 times higher. Kepler-7b is one of the lowest-density planets (approximately 0.17 gram per cubic centimeter) yet detected. Kepler-5b, -6b, and -8b confirm the existence of planets with densities lower than those predicted for gas giant planets.
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            SOLAR INFLUENCES ON CLIMATE

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              A new, lower value of total solar irradiance: Evidence and climate significance

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                greg.kopp@lasp.colorado.edu
                Journal
                Sol Phys
                Sol Phys
                Solar Physics
                Springer Netherlands (Dordrecht )
                0038-0938
                1573-093X
                3 September 2021
                3 September 2021
                2021
                : 296
                : 9
                : 133
                Affiliations
                GRID grid.266190.a, ISNI 0000000096214564, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, , Univ. of Colorado, ; Boulder, CO 80303 USA
                Article
                1853
                10.1007/s11207-021-01853-x
                8550760
                f311a721-5b9c-4d10-b3f4-37360dd65708
                © The Author(s) 2021

                Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 9 April 2021
                : 5 June 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000104, National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
                Award ID: NAS5-97045
                Categories
                Article
                Custom metadata
                © Springer Nature B.V. 2021

                solar irradiance,solar variability,earth climate,solar cycle,integrated sun observations

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