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      Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico Ampolloso: dramática respuesta a la terapia con dapsona Translated title: Bullous Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: dramatic response to dapsone

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          Abstract

          El lupus ampolloso es una manifestación poco frecuente del lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES). Otras enfermedades ampollosas tales como el penfigoide ampolloso, epidermólisis ampollosa adquirida, dermatosis ampollosa Ig A lineal y dermatitis herpetiforme también han sido informadas en LES. Describimos un paciente que desarrolló lesiones ampollosas 14 días luego de iniciar terapia con altas dosis de glucocorticoides y ciclofosfamida para manifestaciones severas del LES (nefritis y hemorragia alveolar). Se confirmó el diagnóstico de lupus ampolloso. La respuesta al tratamiento con dapsona fue notable a las 48 horas. En este artículo revisamos la epidemiología, hallazgos clínicos, histopatológicos e inmunopatológicos; el diagnóstico diferencial y el tratamiento del LES ampolloso.

          Translated abstract

          Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus (BSLE) is an unusual finding in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Other bullous disorders such as bullous pemphigoid, epirdermolysis bullosa acquisita, linear IgA bullous dermatosis and dermatitis herpetiformis has also been reported in association with SLE. We described a patient who developed severe bullous lesions 14 days after high-dose systemic glucocorticoids and cyclophosphide therapies were initiated for severe SLE manifestations (nephritis and alveolar hemorrhage). A diagnosis of bullous SLE was made. Therapy with dapsone resulted in a marked clinical improvement of the bullous eruption within 48 hours. This article also discusses the epidemiology, clinical, histopathologic and immunopathologic features, differential diagnosis and the treatment of BSLE.

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          Most cited references50

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          Lupus erythematosus in the 1980s: a survey of 570 patients.

          Five hundred seventy lupus erythematosus patients observed in a private practice between 1980 and 1989 were surveyed. Fifty-five percent were diagnosed after 1980. Five hundred three fulfilled criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus ( [SLE]; 464 idiopathic, 23 overlap, 16 drug-induced) and 67 had biopsy-documented cutaneous (discoid) lupus. In the idiopathic SLE group, symptoms began at a mean age of 31 years and patients were observed for a mean of 6 years. Findings in idiopathic SLE patients were (1) 27% have a family history of autoimmune disease; (2) nephritis patients without nephrotic syndrome rarely develop renal failure (4%); (3) nephrotic syndrome patients are relatively cyclophosphamide-resistant; (4) organ-threatening disease is present in 54%; and (5) 13% of women who become pregnant are recurrent aborters and 26% never conceive. In an analysis of cohort data, 5- and 10-year survivals were 97% +/- 2% and 93% +/- 3%, respectively. Additionally, men and patients with renal disease or thrombocytopenia had a poorer prognosis. Blacks had similar clinical findings and survival to whites. Approximately 50% of deaths were from active disease and 50% from complications of therapy. Prolonged survival has resulted from new diagnostic procedures and serologic tests, and improved antibiotics and antihypertensive agents, as well as more efficacious treatment modalities.
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            Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus with autoantibodies recognizing multiple skin basement membrane components, bullous pemphigoid antigen 1, laminin-5, laminin-6, and type VII collagen.

            Bullous systemic lupus erythematosus is a generalized subepidermal blistering skin eruption in patients suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus. Type VII collagen was initially identified as the target antigen. We studied an unusual patient who had bullous systemic lupus crythematosus. The patient fulfilled the criteria of systemic lupus with an antinuclear antibody titer of 1:5120. Immunopathological testing revealed in vivo deposition of all IgG subclasses, secretory IgA1, and both light chains at the patient's skin basement membrane. The in vivo-bound IgG and IgA were localized at the hemidesmosomes and lamina densa. The patient's IgG and IgA circulating autoantibodies labeled both the epidermal roof and the dermal floor of salt-split skin and recognized the hemidesmosomal protein BP230 as well as the full-length native form and the recombinant noncollagenous domain 1 of type VII collagen (anchoring fibril). In addition, the patient's IgG autoantibodies recognized the anchoring filament proteins laminin-5 and laminin-6 (alpha3 chain and gamma2 chain). We conclude that patients with bullous systemic lupus erythematosus may have autoantibodies to multiple basement membrane components critical for epidermal-dermal junctional adhesion. Possible pathogenic mechanisms in this patient's clinical diseases include provocation of organ-specific disease (bullous disease) by systemic autoimmunity (lupus) and the "epitope spreading" immune phenomenon.
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              The cutaneous pathology of lupus erythematosus: a review

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcre
                Revista Colombiana de Reumatología
                Rev.Colomb.Reumatol.
                Asociación Colombiana de Reumatología (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                0121-8123
                December 2009
                : 16
                : 4
                : 352-360
                Affiliations
                [02] Medellín orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Medicin orgdiv2Grupos de Inmunología celular e inmunogenética Colombia
                [01] Medellín orgnameHospital Universitario San Vicente de Paúl orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Departamento de Medicina Interna Colombia
                Article
                S0121-81232009000400005 S0121-8123(09)01600405
                f0388406-e7e2-4f99-871b-2a8f15261a49

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 November 2009
                : 15 December 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 50, Pages: 9
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Self URI: Texto completo solamente en formato PDF (ES)
                Categories
                Presentación de Casos

                bullous systemic lupus erythematosus,dapsone,cutaneous lupus,lupus eritematoso sistémico ampolloso,dapsona,lupus cutáneo

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