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      Leaf movements and their relationship with the lunisolar gravitational force

      Annals of Botany
      Oxford University Press (OUP)

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          Local force and geometry sensing regulate cell functions.

          The shapes of eukaryotic cells and ultimately the organisms that they form are defined by cycles of mechanosensing, mechanotransduction and mechanoresponse. Local sensing of force or geometry is transduced into biochemical signals that result in cell responses even for complex mechanical parameters such as substrate rigidity and cell-level form. These responses regulate cell growth, differentiation, shape changes and cell death. Recent tissue scaffolds that have been engineered at the micro- and nanoscale level now enable better dissection of the mechanosensing, transduction and response mechanisms.
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            A possible unifying principle for mechanosensation.

            Ching Kung (2005)
            Of Aristotle's five senses, we know that sight, smell and much of taste are initiated by ligands binding to G-protein-coupled receptors; however, the mechanical sensations of touch and hearing remain without a clear understanding of their molecular basis. Recently, the relevant force-transducing molecules--the mechanosensitive ion channels--have been identified. Such channel proteins purified from bacteria sense forces from the lipid bilayer in the absence of other proteins. Recent evidence has shown that lipids are also intimately involved in opening and closing the mechanosensitive channels of fungal, plant and animal species.
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              The structure of aquaporins.

              The ubiquitous members of the aquaporin (AQP) family form transmembrane pores that are either exclusive for water (aquaporins) or are also permeable for other small neutral solutes such as glycerol (aquaglyceroporins). The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of our current knowledge of AQP structures and to describe the structural features that define the function of these membrane pores. The review will discuss the mechanisms governing water conduction, proton exclusion and substrate specificity, and how the pore permeability is regulated in different members of the AQP family.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Annals of Botany
                Ann Bot
                Oxford University Press (OUP)
                0305-7364
                1095-8290
                July 23 2015
                August 2015
                July 23 2015
                August 2015
                : 116
                : 2
                : 149-187
                Article
                10.1093/aob/mcv096
                e8d96ee4-2373-43ca-b7a1-0489d38265d2
                © 2015
                History

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