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      Red blood cell distribution width in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndromeand its association with cardiovascular disease Translated title: Indice de distribution des globules rouges dans le syndrome d'apnées obstructives du sommeil et son association avec les maladies cardiovasculaires

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          Abstract

          Background : Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is reported as a novel marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. We aimed to investigate the correlation of RDW level with the severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) defined with the apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) and to study the relationship between RDW and CVD in OSAS.

          Methods: From retrospective analyses of patients admitted to our department for polygraphy between January 2018 and January 2020, OSAS patients with complete medical records and hemogram analyses were evaluated.

          Results: The study population consisted of 160 patients (101 females/59 males). The mean age was 52.32 ± 10.83 years. RDW correlated positively with the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) (r=0.392; p <0.0001) and C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = 0.3, p < 0.001). RDW and CRP were significantly higher in patients with CVD than whom without CVD (p <0.0001). In multivariate analysis, the independent predictors of CVD in OSAS were RDW (p<0.0001; OR=3.095; CI: 1.69-5.66), CRP (p=0.046; OR=1.136; CI: 1.002-1.287) and age (p=0.013; OR=1.085; CI: 1.017-1.157). The cut-off level for RDW with optimal sensitivity and specificity was calculated as 14.45 with sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 75%.

          Conclusions : The findings of this study suggest that RDW, a simple, relatively inexpensive and universally available marker could have the ability to predict CVD in OSAS.

          Résumé

          Introduction : Le syndrome d'apnées obstructives du sommeil (SAOS) est associé aux maladies cardiovasculaires (MCV). L’indice de distribution des globules rouges (IDR) est rapporté comme un nouveau marqueur de risque des MCV. Notre objectif était d'étudier la corrélation entre le niveau de l’IDR et la sévérité du SAOS et d'étudier la relation entre l’IDR et les MCV dans le SAOS.

          Méthodes : Nous avons analysé rétrospectivement les dossiers médicaux des patients admis dans notre service pour polygraphie entre janvier 2018 et janvier 2020. Les patients présentant un SAOS avec un dossier médical et des analyses d'hémogrammes complets ont été retenus.

          Résultats : Parmi les patients, 160 étaient inclus dans l’étude (101 femmes/59 hommes). L'âge moyen était de 52,32 ± 10,83 ans. L’IDR était corrélé positivement avec l'index d'apnées hypopnées (IAH) (r=0,392 ; p <0,0001) et la protéine C réactive (CRP) (r=0,3, p < 0,001). L’IDR et la CRP étaient significativement plus élevés chez les patients atteints de MCV que chez ceux sans MCV (p <0,0001). En analyse multivariée, les prédicteurs indépendants de MCV dans le SAOS étaient l’IDR (p<0,0001 ; OR=3,095 ; IC : 1,69-5,66), la CRP (p=0,046 ; OR=1,136 ; IC : 1,002-1,287) et l'âge (p= 0,013 ; OR = 1,085 ; IC : 1,017-1,157). Le seuil d’IDR avec une sensibilité et une spécificité optimales a été calculé à 14,45 avec une sensibilité de 81 % et une spécificité de 75 %.

          Conclusion : L’IDR, un marqueur simple, relativement peu coûteux et universellement disponible, pourrait avoir la capacité de prédire les MCV dans le SAOS.

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          Most cited references31

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          Clinical Practice Guideline for Diagnostic Testing for Adult Obstructive Sleep Apnea: An American Academy of Sleep Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline.

          This guideline establishes clinical practice recommendations for the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults and is intended for use in conjunction with other American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) guidelines on the evaluation and treatment of sleep-disordered breathing in adults.
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            Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study

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              Red blood cell distribution width and mortality risk in a community-based prospective cohort.

              Red blood cell distribution width (RDW), an automated measure of red blood cell size heterogeneity (eg, anisocytosis) that is largely overlooked, is a newly recognized risk marker in patients with established cardiovascular disease (CVD). It is unknown whether RDW is associated with mortality in the general population or whether this association is specific to CVD. We examined the association of RDW with all-cause mortality and with CVD, cancer, and chronic lower respiratory tract disease mortality in 15 852 adult participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988-1994), a nationally representative sample of the US population. Mortality status was obtained by matching to the National Death Index, with follow-up through December 31, 2000. Estimated mortality rates increased 5-fold from the lowest to the highest quintile of RDW after accounting for age and 2-fold after multivariable adjustment (P(trend) < .001 for each). A 1-SD increment in RDW (0.98%) was associated with a 23% greater risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 1.23; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-1.28) after multivariable adjustment. The RDW was also associated with risk of death due to CVD (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.14-1.31), cancer (1.28; 1.21-1.36), and chronic lower respiratory tract disease (1.32; 1.17-1.49). Higher RDW is associated with increased mortality risk in this large, community-based sample, an association not specific to CVD. Study of anisocytosis may, therefore, yield novel pathophysiologic insights, and measurement of RDW may contribute to risk assessment.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Tunis Med
                Tunis Med
                Tunis Med
                La Tunisie Médicale
                Tunisian Society of Medical Sciences
                0041-4131
                2724-7031
                June 2022
                01 June 2022
                : 100
                : 6
                : 445-449
                Affiliations
                Département d’ORL et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale -CHU Habib Bourguiba Sfax, University of Sfax. Tunisia
                Article
                9585690
                36206063
                daf5dc65-8f59-414d-ad73-5b96e3d15b33
                Copyright @ 2022

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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                apnea-hypopnea index,red blood cell distribution width,obstructive sleep apnea syndrome,cardiovascular disease.,index d’apnées-hypopnées,indice de distribution des globules rouges,syndrome d’apnées obstructives du sommeil,maladie cardiovasculaire.

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