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      the effects of marital support, social network support, and parenting stress on parenting: self-efficacy among mothers of young children in Japan

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      Journal of Early Childhood Research
      SAGE Publications

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          Abstract

          This study investigated whether Japanese women’s perceived marital and social support affect their parenting self-efficacy directly or indirectly through their levels of parenting stress. Participants were 98 mothers of children in the second grade living in Sapporo or Osaka, Japan. Data collected through surveys were submitted to a structural equation modeling. Results showed that marital support, mothers-in-law support, and friend support each lowered women’s parenting stress, and the low stress in turn increased women’s parenting self-efficacy; however, the indirect effects of mothers-in-law support and friends support on parenting self-efficacy only approached statistical significance. The support from the women’s own mothers directly affected women’s parenting self-efficacy while the criticism from own mothers dampened women’s parenting self-efficacy indirectly by increasing their levels of stress. This study suggests that the criticism targeted to women from family and friends are detrimental to their psychological well-being, which in turn affects their parenting self-efficacy.

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          Most cited references55

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          Comparative fit indexes in structural models.

          Normed and nonnormed fit indexes are frequently used as adjuncts to chi-square statistics for evaluating the fit of a structural model. A drawback of existing indexes is that they estimate no known population parameters. A new coefficient is proposed to summarize the relative reduction in the noncentrality parameters of two nested models. Two estimators of the coefficient yield new normed (CFI) and nonnormed (FI) fit indexes. CFI avoids the underestimation of fit often noted in small samples for Bentler and Bonett's (1980) normed fit index (NFI). FI is a linear function of Bentler and Bonett's non-normed fit index (NNFI) that avoids the extreme underestimation and overestimation often found in NNFI. Asymptotically, CFI, FI, NFI, and a new index developed by Bollen are equivalent measures of comparative fit, whereas NNFI measures relative fit by comparing noncentrality per degree of freedom. All of the indexes are generalized to permit use of Wald and Lagrange multiplier statistics. An example illustrates the behavior of these indexes under conditions of correct specification and misspecification. The new fit indexes perform very well at all sample sizes.
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            Back-Translation for Cross-Cultural Research

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              Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency.

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of Early Childhood Research
                Journal of Early Childhood Research
                SAGE Publications
                1476-718X
                1741-2927
                February 2010
                February 22 2010
                February 2010
                : 8
                : 1
                : 40-66
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Saint Mary's College of California, USA,
                Article
                10.1177/1476718X09345506
                d1cc4aca-c4ed-4e49-8f7d-5d947dd14305
                © 2010

                http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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