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      Unraveling trait relationships for the selection of drought-tolerant wheat genotypes Translated title: Desvendando as relações de caracteres para a seleção de genótipos de trigo tolerantes a seca

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          Abstract

          ABSTRACT: The study of genotypic relationships between drought tolerance indices and agronomic traits of interest in wheat breeding is useful for designing selection strategies. The objective of this research was to investigate the cause-and-effect relationships between agronomic traits and drought tolerance indices through the analysis of canonical correlations. Two trials (control and stress) were conducted in winter 2020 in Viçosa, MG, Brazil. The traits evaluated were: (days for heading, plant height, mass and number of grains per spike, mass of one hundred grains, and grain yield). Grain yield data from the control and stress conditions were used to construct five drought tolerance indices. The data were subjected to mixed model analysis for estimation of genetic parameters and prediction of genotypic values (REML/BLUP), and then the genotypic values were used to calculate the correlation coefficients between the traits. Two groups of traits were established for the study of canonical correlations, the first group consisting of agronomic traits and the second by drought tolerance indices. There was a significant genotype effect for all evaluated traits. The canonical pairs were significant, which indicated the existence of dependence between the groups. Days to heading trait can be used in the indirect selection of wheat genotypes for drought tolerance.

          Translated abstract

          RESUMO: O estudo das relações genotípicas entre índices de tolerância à seca e caracteres agronômicos de interesse no melhoramento de trigo é útil para traçar estratégias de seleção. Objetivou-se com este trabalho investigar as relações de causa e efeito entre características agronômicas e índices de tolerância à seca via análise de correlações canônicas. Dois ensaios (controle e estresse) foram conduzidos no inverno de 2020 em Viçosa, MG, Brasil. Foram avaliados os caracteres (dias para o espigamento, altura da planta, massa e número de grãos por espiga, massa de cem grãos e rendimento de grãos). Os dados de produtividade dos ensaios de controle e estresse foram utilizados para construir cinco índices de tolerância à seca. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de modelos mistos para estimação dos parâmetros genéticos e predição dos valores genotípicos (REML/BLUP), em seguida, os valores genotípicos foram utilizados para calcular os coeficientes de correlação entre os caracteres. Dois grupos de caracteres foram estabelecidos para o estudo das correlações canônicas, sendo o primeiro grupo constituído pelas variáveis agronômicas e o segundo pelos índices de tolerância à seca. Houve efeito significativo de genótipo para todas as características avaliadas. Os pares canônicos foram significativos, o que indicou a existência de dependência entre os grupos. O caráter dias para o espigamento pode ser utilizado na seleção indireta de genótipos de trigo para tolerância à seca.

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          Most cited references31

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          Introduction to Linear Regression Analysis

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            The Brazilian Cerrado is becoming hotter and drier

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              Potential area and limitations for the expansion of rainfed wheat in the Cerrado biome of Central Brazil

              Abstract: The objective of this work was to locate and quantify, through geotechnologies, areas that are currently used for annual agriculture in the Cerrado biome of Central Brazil, located within the boundaries defined by the homogeneous region of adaptation of wheat cultivars 4 and that present favorable conditions for rainfed wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivation. The following information layers were crossed: use and coverage of the Cerrado biome, digital elevation model, and water requirement satisfaction index for wheat in the Cerrado biome. In addition, different levels of water stress (low, moderate, and high), risk levels (20, 30, and 40%), available soil water capacities (ASWCs) (35, 55, and 75 mm), cultivar cycles (105, 115, and 125 days), and sowing dates (in February and March) were also considered. A greater favorable area was observed for sowing in early February, and group I of cultivars (105 days) presented the greatest favorable area. Above 800 m altitude, 2.7 million hectares were classified as favorable for the best combination of factors, i.e., sowing on February 5, ASWC of 75 mm, 105-day cycle, 20% risk level, and low and moderate impacts.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cr
                Ciência Rural
                Cienc. Rural
                Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Santa Maria, RS, Brazil )
                0103-8478
                1678-4596
                2025
                : 55
                : 2
                : e20230624
                Affiliations
                [1] Viçosa Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Viçosa Brazil
                [2] Lucas do Rio Verde MT orgnameGDM Seeds Brasil
                [3] São Cristovão SE orgnameUniversidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) Brasil
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1163-3546
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1614-0094
                https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5102-7142
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1521-0401
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8220-9611
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1587-1429
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4177-4921
                Article
                S0103-84782025000200401 S0103-8478(25)05500200401
                10.1590/0103-8478cr20230624
                cf01fc21-3adb-4669-8793-6dd96c809f47

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 November 2023
                : 08 June 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Biology

                General life sciences
                Triticum aestivum L.,parâmetros genéticos.,melhoramento de trigo tropical,tolerância a estresse hídrico,modelos mistos,genetics parameters.,tropical wheat breeding,drought stress tolerance,mixed model

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