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      Apoyo social, soledad, vulnerabilidad y satisfacción con la vida en personas mayores de México Translated title: Social Support, Loneliness, Vulnerability and Satisfaction with Life in Elderly People in Mexico Translated title: Apoio social, solidão, vulnerabilidade e satisfação com a vida em idosos no México

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          Abstract

          Resumen La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo analizar los efectos directos e indirectos del apoyo social, la soledad y la vulnerabilidad percibida en la satisfacción de vida (SV) de dos grupos de personas mayores en México, uno de 60 a 69 años de edad y el otro de 70 a 99. Se contó con una muestra no probabilística de 4.433 personas mayores, 61.8 % fueron mujeres y 38.2 % hombres. Se utilizaron los siguientes instrumentos: la escala de soledad de la Universidad de California; la escala de Red Social de Lubben (LSNS-6) para evaluar el apoyo social percibido; la Escala de Vulnerabilidad Percibida de Myall et al.; la escala de Satisfacción con la Vida de Diener et al., así como un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados mostraron un buen ajuste de los modelos, en los que se aprecia que para ambos grupos es mayor la varianza explicada de SV al relacionar apoyo social con soledad y vulnerabilidad, que si se mide el efecto directo del apoyo sobre SV. Esta investigación aporta elementos para el desarrollo de programas y políticas públicas que contribuyan al bienestar de personas mayores.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract This research analyzed the direct and indirect effects of social support, loneliness and perceived vulnerability on life satisfaction (LF) of two groups of elderly adults in Mexico, one aged 60 to 69 years and the other from 70 to 99. There was a non-probabilistic sample of 4.433 older adults -61.8 % were women, and 38.2 % were men-. The following instruments were used: the Loneliness Scale of the University of California; the Lubben Social Network scale (LSNS-6) to assess perceived social support; the Perceived Vulnerability Scale (PVS) of Myall et al.; the Satisfaction with Life scale of Diener et al., and a sociodemographic questionnaire. The results showed a good fit of the models, which show that the explained variance for both groups of LF is more significant when relating social support with loneliness and vulnerability than if the direct effect of support on LF is measured. This research provides elements for developing programs and public policies that contribute to the well-being of the elderly.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar os efeitos diretos e indiretos do apoio social, solidão e vulnerabilidade percebida na satisfação com a vida (SV) de dois grupos de idosos no México, um grupo entre 60 e 69 anos e outro entre 70 e 99 anos. Contou-se com uma amostra não probabilística de 4.433 idosos, sendo 61.8 % mulheres e 38.2 % homens. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: a escala de solidão da Universidade da Califórnia; a Escala de Rede Social de Lubben (LSNS-6) para avaliar o suporte social percebido; a Escala de Vulnerabilidade Percebida (PVS) de Myall et al.; a escala Satisfação com a Vida de Diener et al., bem como um questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados mostraram um bom ajuste dos modelos, onde pode-se observar que para ambos os grupos a variância explicada da SV é maior quando se relaciona apoio social com solidão e vulnerabilidade do que quando se mede o efeito direto do apoio na SV. Esta pesquisa fornece elementos para o desenvolvimento de programas e políticas públicas que contribuam para o bem-estar dos idosos.

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          Performance of an abbreviated version of the Lubben Social Network Scale among three European community-dwelling older adult populations.

          There is a need for valid and reliable short scales that can be used to assess social networks and social supports and to screen for social isolation in older persons. The present study is a cross-national and cross-cultural evaluation of the performance of an abbreviated version of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6), which was used to screen for social isolation among community-dwelling older adult populations in three European countries. Based on the concept of lack of redundancy of social ties we defined clinical cut-points of the LSNS-6 for identifying persons deemed at risk for social isolation. Among all three samples, the LSNS-6 and two subscales (Family and Friends) demonstrated high levels of internal consistency, stable factor structures, and high correlations with criterion variables. The proposed clinical cut-points showed good convergent validity, and classified 20% of the respondents in Hamburg, 11% of those in Solothurn (Switzerland), and 15% of those in London as at risk for social isolation. We conclude that abbreviated scales such as the LSNS-6 should be considered for inclusion in practice protocols of gerontological practitioners. Screening older persons based on the LSNS-6 provides quantitative information on their family and friendship ties, and identifies persons at increased risk for social isolation who might benefit from in-depth assessment and targeted interventions.
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            Associations between loneliness and perceived social support and outcomes of mental health problems: a systematic review

            Background The adverse effects of loneliness and of poor perceived social support on physical health and mortality are established, but no systematic synthesis is available of their relationship with the outcomes of mental health problems over time. In this systematic review, we aim to examine the evidence on whether loneliness and closely related concepts predict poor outcomes among adults with mental health problems. Methods We searched six databases and reference lists for longitudinal quantitative studies that examined the relationship between baseline measures of loneliness and poor perceived social support and outcomes at follow up. Thirty-four eligible papers were retrieved. Due to heterogeneity among included studies in clinical populations, predictor measures and outcomes, a narrative synthesis was conducted. Results We found substantial evidence from prospective studies that people with depression who perceive their social support as poorer have worse outcomes in terms of symptoms, recovery and social functioning. Loneliness has been investigated much less than perceived social support, but there is some evidence that greater loneliness predicts poorer depression outcome. There is also some preliminary evidence of associations between perceived social support and outcomes in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and anxiety disorders. Conclusions Loneliness and quality of social support in depression are potential targets for development and testing of interventions, while for other conditions further evidence is needed regarding relationships with outcomes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12888-018-1736-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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              Developing a measure of loneliness.

              Research on loneliness has been hindered by the lack of a simple and reliable assessment technique. The development of the UCLA Loneliness Scale, a short, 20-item general measure of loneliness is reported. The measure has high internal consistency (coefficient alpha = .96) and a test-retest correlation over a two-month period of .73. Concurrent and preliminary construct validity are indicated by correlations with self-reports of current loneliness and related emotional states, and by volunteering for a "loneliness clinic."
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                apl
                Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana
                Av. Psicol. Latinoam.
                Universidad del Rosario (Bogotá, Distrito Capital, Colombia )
                1794-4724
                2145-4515
                August 2022
                : 40
                : 2
                : 8
                Affiliations
                [1] orgnameUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México Mexico
                [2] orgnameUniversidad Anáhuac Mexico
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0072-1169
                https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1043-4905
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6405-9827
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6323-3851
                Article
                S1794-47242022000200008 S1794-4724(22)04000200008
                10.12804/revistas.urosario.edu.co/apl/a.11187
                b1dad3a9-1ea5-4380-b46a-cc624a231504

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 January 2022
                : 10 June 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 68, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos

                satisfacción con la vida,soledad,vulnerabilidad,apoyo social,personas mayores,Loneliness,vulnerability,social support,satisfaction with life,older people,solidão,vulnerabilidade,apoio social,satisfação com a vida,idosos

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