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      Demystifying infant vocal imitation: The roles of mouth looking and speaker’s gaze

      1 , 2 , 3 , 1 , 4 , 1
      Developmental Science
      Wiley

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          Most cited references51

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          Joint attention and early language.

          This paper reports 2 studies that explore the role of joint attentional processes in the child's acquisition of language. In the first study, 24 children were videotaped at 15 and 21 months of age in naturalistic interaction with their mothers. Episodes of joint attentional focus between mother and child--for example, joint play with an object--were identified. Inside, as opposed to outside, these episodes both mothers and children produced more utterances, mothers used shorter sentences and more comments, and dyads engaged in longer conversations. Inside joint episodes maternal references to objects that were already the child's focus of attention were positively correlated with the child's vocabulary at 21 months, while object references that attempted to redirect the child's attention were negatively correlated. No measures from outside these episodes related to child language. In an experimental study, an adult attempted to teach novel words to 10 17-month-old children. Words referring to objects on which the child's attention was already focused were learned better than words presented in an attempt to redirect the child's attentional focus.
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            The eye contact effect: mechanisms and development.

            The 'eye contact effect' is the phenomenon that perceived eye contact with another human face modulates certain aspects of the concurrent and/or immediately following cognitive processing. In addition, functional imaging studies in adults have revealed that eye contact can modulate activity in structures in the social brain network, and developmental studies show evidence for preferential orienting towards, and processing of, faces with direct gaze from early in life. We review different theories of the eye contact effect and advance a 'fast-track modulator' model. Specifically, we hypothesize that perceived eye contact is initially detected by a subcortical route, which then modulates the activation of the social brain as it processes the accompanying detailed sensory information.
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              Functional neuroimaging of speech perception in infants.

              Human infants begin to acquire their native language in the first months of life. To determine which brain regions support language processing at this young age, we measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging the brain activity evoked by normal and reversed speech in awake and sleeping 3-month-old infants. Left-lateralized brain regions similar to those of adults, including the superior temporal and angular gyri, were already active in infants. Additional activation in right prefrontal cortex was seen only in awake infants processing normal speech. Thus, precursors of adult cortical language areas are already active in infants, well before the onset of speech production.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Developmental Science
                Dev Sci
                Wiley
                1363-755X
                1467-7687
                April 12 2019
                April 12 2019
                : e12825
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Graduate School of Education Kyoto University Kyoto Japan
                [2 ]Faculty of Education Musashino University Tokyo Japan
                [3 ]Department of Psychology Otemon Gakuin University Osaka Japan
                [4 ]The Institute for Social Neuroscience Psychology Heidelberg Victoria Australia
                Article
                10.1111/desc.12825
                30980494
                ab53b707-8c91-494b-9a0e-10f6b0591023
                © 2019

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am

                http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

                http://doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1

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