Impact of general practice / family medicine clerkships on Japanese medical students: Using text mining to analyze reflective writing

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Abstract

Background:

In order for general practice / family medicine clerkships to be improved in undergraduate medical education, it is necessary to clarify the impacts of general practice / family medicine clerkships. Using text mining to analyze the reflective writing of medical students may be useful for further understanding the impacts of clinical clerkships on medical students.

Methods:

The study involved 125 fifth-year Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine students in the academic year 2018-2019. The settings were three clinics and the study period was 5 days. The clerkships included outpatient and home visits. Students’ reflective writing on their clerkship experience was collected on the final day. Text mining was used to extract the most frequent words (nouns) from the reflective writing. A co-occurrence network map was created to illustrate the relationships between the most frequent words.

Results:

124 students participated in the study. The total number of sentences extracted was 321 and the total number of words was 10,627. The top five frequently-occurring words were patient, home- visit, medical practice, medical care, and family. From the co-occurrence network map, a co-occurrence relationship was recognized between home- visit and family.

Conclusion:

Data suggest that medical students may learn the necessity of care for the family as well as the patient in a home-care setting.

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Most cited references 12

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Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis.

James L Patton (1999)

Varying philosophical and theoretical orientations to qualitative inquiry remind us that issues of quality and credibility intersect with audience and intended research purposes. This overview examines ways of enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis by dealing with three distinct but related inquiry concerns: rigorous techniques and methods for gathering and analyzing qualitative data, including attention to validity, reliability, and triangulation; the credibility, competence, and perceived trustworthiness of the qualitative researcher; and the philosophical beliefs of evaluation users about such paradigm-based preferences as objectivity versus subjectivity, truth versus perspective, and generalizations versus extrapolations. Although this overview examines some general approaches to issues of credibility and data quality in qualitative analysis, it is important to acknowledge that particular philosophical underpinnings, specific paradigms, and special purposes for qualitative inquiry will typically include additional or substitute criteria for assuring and judging quality, validity, and credibility. Moreover, the context for these considerations has evolved. In early literature on evaluation methods the debate between qualitative and quantitative methodologists was often strident. In recent years the debate has softened. A consensus has gradually emerged that the important challenge is to match appropriately the methods to empirical questions and issues, and not to universally advocate any single methodological approach for all problems.

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Impact of family medicine clerkships in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review

Eralda Turkeshi, Nele R M Michels, Kristin Hendrickx … (2015)

Objective Synthesise evidence about the impact of family medicine/general practice (FM) clerkships on undergraduate medical students, teaching general/family practitioners (FPs) and/or their patients. Data sources Medline, ERIC, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Knowledge searched from 21 November to 17 December 2013. Primary, empirical, quantitative or qualitative studies, since 1990, with abstracts included. No country restrictions. Full text languages: English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch or Italian. Review methods Independent selection and data extraction by two authors using predefined data extraction fields, including Kirkpatrick’s levels for educational intervention outcomes, study quality indicators and Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) strength of findings’ grades. Descriptive narrative synthesis applied. Results Sixty-four included articles: impact on students (48), teaching FPs (12) and patients (8). Sample sizes: 16-1095 students, 3-146 FPs and 94-2550 patients. Twenty-six studies evaluated at Kirkpatrick level 1, 26 at level 2 and 6 at level 3. Only one study achieved BEME’s grade 5. The majority was assessed as grade 4 (27) and 3 (33). Students reported satisfaction with content and process of teaching as well as learning in FM clerkships. They enhanced previous learning, and provided unique learning on dealing with common acute and chronic conditions, health maintenance, disease prevention, communication and problem-solving skills. Students’ attitudes towards FM were improved, but new or enhanced interest in FM careers did not persist without change after graduation. Teaching FPs reported increased job satisfaction and stimulation for professional development, but also increased workload and less productivity, depending on the setting. Overall, student’s presence and participation did not have a negative impact on patients. Conclusions Research quality on the impact of FM clerkships is still limited, yet across different settings and countries, positive impact is reported on students, FPs and patients. Future studies should involve different stakeholders, medical schools and countries, and use standardised and validated evaluation tools.

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Undergraduate medical education in general practice/family medicine throughout Europe – a descriptive study

Mette Brekke, Francesco Carelli, Natalia Zarbailov … (2013)

Background It is increasingly becoming evident that a strong primary health care system is more likely to provide better population health, more equity in health throughout the population, and better use of economic resources, compared to systems that are oriented towards specialty care. Developing and maintaining a strong and sustainable primary health care requires that a substantial part of graduating doctors go into primary care. This in turn requires that general practice/family medicine (GP/FM) strongly influences the curricula in medical schools. In the present paper we aim at describing the extent of GP/FM teaching in medical schools throughout Europe, checking for the presence of GP/FM curricula and clinical teaching in GP offices. Methods A brief questionnaire was e-mailed to GP/FM or other professors at European medical universities. Results 259 out of 400 existing universities in 39 European countries responded to our questionnaire. Out of these, 35 (13.5%) reported to have no GP/FM curriculum. These 35 medical faculties were located in 12 different European countries. In addition, 15 of the medical schools where a GP/FM curriculum did exist, reported that this curriculum did not include any clinical component (n = 5), or that the clinical part of the course was very brief - less than one week, mostly only a few hours (n = 10). In total, 50 universities (19%) thus had no or a very brief GP/FM curriculum. These were mainly located in the Eastern or Southern European regions. Conclusion It is still possible to graduate from European medical universities without having been exposed to a GP/FM curriculum. The European Academy of Teachers in General Practice (EURACT) will launch efforts to change this situation.

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Fukushima J Med Sci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Fukushima J Med Sci

Title: Fukushima Journal of Medical Science

Publisher: The Fukushima Society of Medical Science

ISSN (Print): 0016-2590

ISSN (Electronic): 2185-4610

Publication date (Electronic): 8 February 2022

Publication date (Print): 2022

Volume: 68

Issue: 1

Pages: 19-24

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Community and Family Medicine, Fukushima Medical University

[2 ] Fukushima Centre for General Physicians, Fukushima Medical University

[3 ] Center for Medical Education and Career Development, Fukushima Medical University

[4 ] Hoshi Yokozuka Clinic

[5 ] Kitakata Centre for Community and Family Medicine

[6 ] Hobara Central Clinic

Author notes

Corresponding author: Koki Nakamura　E-mail: michell@ 123456fmu.ac.jp

Article

Publisher-manuscript ID: 2021-24

DOI: 10.5387/fms.2021-24

PMC ID: 9071354

PubMed ID: 35135909

SO-VID: 978e2da0-7715-4363-a561-da2a7a97c66b

License:

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons [Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International] license. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

History

Date received : 26 August 2021

Date accepted : 2 December 2021

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Impact of general practice / family medicine clerkships on Japanese medical students: Using text mining to analyze reflective writing

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Abstract

Background:

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Journal of Medical Education Research

Most cited references 12

Enhancing the quality and credibility of qualitative analysis.

Impact of family medicine clerkships in undergraduate medical education: a systematic review

Undergraduate medical education in general practice/family medicine throughout Europe – a descriptive study

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