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      Teorias de mercado e regulação: por que os mercados e o governo falham? Translated title: Market theories and regulation: why do markets and governments fail?

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          Abstract

          Via de regra, a regulamentação, inspirada na teoria econômica neoclássica, é uma resposta às falhas de mercado, que consistem em discrepâncias em relação ao ideal de um mercado competitivo, principalmente, nos setores de bens públicos. É curioso notar que a regulamentação também está sujeita a falhas, denominadas falhas de governo. Afinal, por que o mercado e o governo falham? A resposta a essa questão envolve uma discussão conceitual profunda sobre mercado e competição. O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar o debate teórico em torno das abordagens de mercado, principalmente, no campo heterodoxo, em que se incluem a visão da economia evolucionária, a da escola austríaca e a da sociologia econômica moderna. A conclusão é que a teoria neoclássica, comparativamente a essas visões, apresenta uma perspectiva limitada do processo de competição.

          Translated abstract

          As a rule regulation, inspired by neoclassical economics, is a response to market failures, which are in disagreement with the ideal of a competitive market, especially in the sectors of public goods. It is interesting to note that regulation is also subject to failures, called government failures. After all, why do markets and governments fail? The answer to this question involves a deep conceptual discussion on markets and competition. The aim of this paper is to present the theoretical debate surrounding market approaches, especially in the heterodox field, which include the views of evolutionary economics, Austrian school and the modern economic sociology. The conclusion is that the neoclassical theory, compared to these approaches, has a restricted view of the competition process.

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          Most cited references33

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          An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change

          This book contains the most sustained and serious attack on mainstream, neoclassical economics in more than forty years. Nelson and Winter focus their critique on the basic question of how firms and industries change overtime. They marshal significant objections to the fundamental neoclassical assumptions of profit maximization and market equilibrium, which they find ineffective in the analysis of technological innovation and the dynamics of competition among firms. To replace these assumptions, they borrow from biology the concept of natural selection to construct a precise and detailed evolutionary theory of business behavior. They grant that films are motivated by profit and engage in search for ways of improving profits, but they do not consider them to be profit maximizing. Likewise, they emphasize the tendency for the more profitable firms to drive the less profitable ones out of business, but they do not focus their analysis on hypothetical states of industry equilibrium. The results of their new paradigm and analytical framework are impressive. Not only have they been able to develop more coherent and powerful models of competitive firm dynamics under conditions of growth and technological change, but their approach is compatible with findings in psychology and other social sciences. Finally, their work has important implications for welfare economics and for government policy toward industry.
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            The Use of Knowledge

            (1936)
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              Capitalismo, socialismo y democracia

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Journal
                cebape
                Cadernos EBAPE.BR
                Cad. EBAPE.BR
                Fundação Getulio Vargas, Escola Brasileira de Administração Pública e de Empresas (Rio de Janeiro )
                1679-3951
                December 2010
                : 8
                : 4
                : 644-660
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Brazil
                Article
                S1679-39512010000400006
                10.1590/S1679-39512010000400006
                8e0e2744-5143-4dec-8dab-a97f950e3444

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1679-3951&lng=en
                Categories
                MANAGEMENT

                Management
                competition,regulation,market theories,competição,regulação,teorias de mercado
                Management
                competition, regulation, market theories, competição, regulação, teorias de mercado

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