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      Applicability of Phenolic Profile Analysis Method Developed with RP-HPLC-PDA to some Bee Product

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          Abstract

          Abstract In this work, a reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method (RP-HPLC) with photo diode array (PDA) at 4 different wavelengths (250, 280, 320 and 360) for the determination of some polyphenols in some bee products (honey, pollen, and propolis) is developed. The analyses were carried out on C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 µm; GL Sciences), and the gradient program was used with a mobile phase A reservoir with 70% acetonitrile and the B reservoir with 2% acetic acid. The HPLC method was founded that limit of detection was in the range 0.022-0.0908 µg/mL; the limit of quantification was in the range 0.074-0.3027 µg/mL, all calibration curves were linear R2>0.995 within the range, the recovery range was 91.43- 111.37% for 10 ppm and 98.44-101.68% for 40 ppm and relative error levels 0.0330-0.0290 respectively. The developed method was applied to some bee products available on the Turkey market. The study aimed at phenolic profiles of the bee products extracts were revealed by using 25 phenolic standards. The proposed method was optimized, quickly, and simple validated by evaluating the linear range, the limits of detection and quantification, the accuracy, the precious, the repeatability, and recoveries suitable for the phenolic analysis. It is concluded that evaluated and the quantitative determination of the bee products can be made quickly and reliably with the optimized method.

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          Advances in the analysis of phenolic compounds in products derived from bees.

          Honey and propolis are rich in phenolic compounds, which act as natural antioxidants, and are becoming increasingly popular because of their potential role in contributing to human health. These compounds can also be used as indicators in studies into the floral and geographical origin of the honey and propolis themselves. We present here an overview of current analytical methods for measuring polyphenols in honey and propolis. The analytical procedure to determine individual phenolic compounds involves their extraction from the sample, analytical separation and quantification. The techniques reviewed are based on spectrophotometry as well as analytical separation techniques such as gas chromatography, high-pressure liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis.
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            Effect of Ethanol/Water Solvents on Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Properties of Beijing Propolis Extracts

            Propolis is a natural substance known to be beneficial for human health and used as a folk medicine in many parts of the world. In this study, phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of Beijing propolis extracted by different ethanol/water solvents were analyzed. Our results reveal that phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of propolis extracts were significantly dependent on the concentration of ethanol/water solvents. Totally, 29 phenolic compounds were identified: 12 phenolic acids, 13 flavonoids, and 4 phenolic acid esters. In particular, 75 wt.% ethanol/water solvent may be the best for the highest extraction yield and the strongest antioxidant properties. Caffeic acid, benzyl caffeate, phenethyl caffeate, 5-methoxy pinobanksin, pinobanksin, pinocembrin, pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, chrysin, and galangin were the characteristic compounds of Beijing propolis, and these compounds seem to verify that Beijing propolis may be poplar-type propolis. In addition, the presence of high level of pinobanksin-3-O-acetate in Chinese propolis may be a novel finding, representing one-third of all phenolics.
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              An investigation of Turkish honeys: their physico-chemical properties, antioxidant capacities and phenolic profiles.

              This study investigated some physico-chemical and biochemical characteristics of different honey types belonging to Turkish flora. Sixty-two honey samples were examined on the basis of pollen analyses, including 11 unifloral honeys (chestnut, heather, chaste tree, rhododendron, common eryngo, lavender, Jerusalem tea, astragalus, clover and acacia), two different honeydew honeys (lime and oak), and 7 different multifloral honeys. Electrical conductivity, moisture, Hunter color values, HMF, proline, diastase number, and sugar analyses of the honey samples were assessed for chemical characterization. Some phenolic components were analyzed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) to determine honeys' phenolic profiles. Total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, ferric reducing antioxidant capacity (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity were measured as antioxidant determinants. The study results confirm that physico-chemical and biological characteristics of honeys are closely related to their floral sources, and that dark-colored honeys such as oak, chestnut and heather, have a high therapeutic potential.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                babt
                Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology
                Braz. arch. biol. technol.
                Instituto de Tecnologia do Paraná - Tecpar (Curitiba, PR, Brazil )
                1516-8913
                1678-4324
                2022
                : 65
                : e22210384
                Affiliations
                [1] Trabzon orgnameKaradeniz Technical University orgdiv1Faculty of Science orgdiv2Department of Chemistry Turkey
                [2] Bayburt orgnameBayburt University orgdiv1Faculty of Applied Sciences orgdiv2Department of Emergency Aid and Disaster Management Turkey
                Article
                S1516-89132022000100225 S1516-8913(22)06500000225
                10.1590/1678-4324-2022210384
                833f92d9-f51f-480b-92fd-147a6a26a665

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 June 2021
                : 14 January 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Article - Agriculture, Agribusiness and Biotechnology

                flavonoids,Validation,optimization,HPLC-PDA,phenolic,bee products.

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