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      The beginnings of the Order of Saint John in Jerusalem, or: Muristan revisited Translated title: A fundação da Ordem de S. João em Jerusalém, ou o Muristan revisitado

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          Abstract

          Abstract The order of Saint John was founded during the 12th century south of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem in an area known today as Muristan. The heart of the order's residence was the once famous hospital, which was the origin of numerous pilgrim hostels and hospitals throughout Europe. Given its historical significance, it is surprising how little is known about this building complex. Through pilgrims' reports and statutes of the order, the functioning of the hospital is relatively well known. But as a result of later changes and destruction only a few remnants of the medieval building stock have survived and are largely unexplored until today. In an interdisciplinary research project the development of the Muristan from antiquity to modern times is being investigated. Archival records are being re-evaluated, preserved and accessible architectural remains are documented and analysed by methods of building archaeology. This article presents some results of the project on the medieval development of the Muristan and the seat and hospital of the Order of St. John.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo A ordem de São João foi fundada durante o século XII, a sul da Igreja do Santo Sepulcro em Jerusalém, numa área hoje conhecida como Muristan. O centro do convento da ordem era o outrora famoso hospital, que deu origem a vários albergues e hospitais para peregrinos em toda a Europa. Dado o seu significado histórico, é surpreendente que pouco se saiba sobre este complexo de edifícios. Através dos relatos de peregrinos e dos estatutos da ordem, conhece-se o funcionamento do hospital com alguma segurança. Mas, em consequência de mudanças e de destruições posteriores, só sobreviveram alguns vestígios dessa construção medieval, os quais foram pouco explorados até aos dias de hoje. O desenvolvimento do Muristan desde a antiguidade até os tempos modernos é o objecto de um projecto de investigação interdisciplinar em curso. No âmbito desse projecto, os registos de arquivo, as plantas e as fotografias foram reavaliados, enquanto os vestígios arquitectónicos preservados e acessíveis estão a ser analisados segundo os métodos da arqueologia da arquitectura. O presente artigo apresenta alguns dos resultados desse projeto sobre o desenvolvimento medieval do Muristan, sede e hospital da Ordem de São João.

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          The Central Convent of Hospitallers and Templars. History, Organization, and Personnel (1099/1120-1310)

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            Archaeology of the Military Orders. A survey of the urban centers, rural settlements and castles of the Military Orders in the Latin East (c. 1120-1291)

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                med
                Medievalista
                Medievalista
                Instituto de Estudos Medievais, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas da Universidade Nova de Lisboa (Lisboa, , Portugal )
                1646-740X
                December 2021
                : 30
                : 67-89
                Affiliations
                [2] Karlsruhe orgname Germany krueger-kunstgeschichte@ 123456t-online.de
                [1] Köln orgnameUniversity of Cologne Germany dorothee.heinzelmann@ 123456lvr.de
                Article
                S1646-740X2021000200067 S1646-740X(21)00003000067
                10.4000/medievalista.4494
                832132e6-d327-48c7-a9a5-54efdfc4265c

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 June 2020
                : 18 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 23
                Product

                SciELO Portugal


                Hospitallers,Jerusalém,Muristan,Hospitalários,Hospital,Conrad Schick,Jerusalem

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