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      The Sant Pau Initiative on Neurodegeneration (SPIN) cohort: A data set for biomarker discovery and validation in neurodegenerative disorders

      research-article
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      Alzheimer's & Dementia : Translational Research & Clinical Interventions
      Elsevier
      Biomarkers, Neuroimaging, Alzheimer's disease, Frontontemporal dementia, Dementia with Lewy bodies, Neurodegeneration

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          The SPIN (Sant Pau Initiative on Neurodegeneration) cohort is a multimodal biomarker platform designed for neurodegenerative disease research following an integrative approach.

          Methods

          Participants of the SPIN cohort provide informed consent to donate blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples, receive detailed neurological and neuropsychological evaluations, and undergo a structural 3T brain MRI scan. A subset also undergoes other functional or imaging studies (video-polysomnogram, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET, amyloid PET, Tau PET). Participants are followed annually for a minimum of 4 years, with repeated cerebrospinal fluid collection and imaging studies performed every other year, and brain donation is encouraged.

          Results

          The integration of clinical, neuropsychological, genetic, biochemical, imaging, and neuropathological information and the harmonization of protocols under the same umbrella allows the discovery and validation of key biomarkers across several neurodegenerative diseases.

          Discussion

          We describe our particular 10-year experience and how different research projects were unified under an umbrella biomarker program, which might be of help to other research teams pursuing similar approaches.

          Highlights

          • The SPIN cohort is a multimodal biomarker program for research in neurodegeneration.

          • We describe how research projects were unified under an umbrella biomarker program.

          • Integrating clinical and biological data allows discovery and validation of markers.

          • As a clinical group, we keep the SPIN cohort focused in patient-oriented research.

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          Most cited references52

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          Normative data stratified by age and education for two measures of verbal fluency: FAS and animal naming.

          Normative data stratified by three levels of age (16-59, 60-79, and 80-95 years) and three levels of education (0-8, 9-12, and 13-21 years) are presented for phonemic verbal fluency (FAS) and categorical verbal fluency (Animal Naming). The normative sample, aged 16 to 95 years, consisted of 1,300 cognitively intact individuals who resided in the community. Years of education ranged from 0 to 21. The total number of words in 1 minute for each of the letters F, A, and S was correlated r =.52 with the number of animal names generated in 1 minute. Regression analyses showed that FAS was more sensitive to the effects of education (18.6% of the variance) than age (11.0% of the variance). The opposite relationship occurred for Animal Naming, where age accounted for 23.4% of the variance and education accounted only for 13.6%. Gender accounted for less than 1% of variance for FAS and Animal Naming. The clinical utility of these norms is discussed.
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              Associations between cognitive, functional, and FDG-PET measures of decline in AD and MCI.

              The Functional Activities Questionnaire (FAQ) and Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) are frequently used indices of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The goal of this study was to compare FDG-PET and clinical measurements in a large sample of elderly subjects with memory disturbance. We examined relationships between glucose metabolism in FDG-PET regions of interest (FDG-ROIs), and ADAS-cog and FAQ scores in AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI). Low glucose metabolism at baseline predicted subsequent ADAS-cog and FAQ decline. In addition, longitudinal glucose metabolism decline was associated with concurrent ADAS-cog and FAQ decline. Finally, a power analysis revealed that FDG-ROI values have greater statistical power than ADAS-cog to detect attenuation of cognitive decline in AD and MCI patients. Glucose metabolism is a sensitive measure of change in cognition and functional ability in AD and MCI, and has value in predicting future cognitive decline. Copyright © 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Alzheimers Dement (N Y)
                Alzheimers Dement (N Y)
                Alzheimer's & Dementia : Translational Research & Clinical Interventions
                Elsevier
                2352-8737
                14 October 2019
                2019
                14 October 2019
                : 5
                : 597-609
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau – IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
                [b ]Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
                [c ]Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
                [d ]Nuclear Medicine Department, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques Sant Pau - Hospital de Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
                [e ]Respiratory Department, Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau – IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
                [f ]Université de Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, Laboratoire de Biochimie-Protéomique clinique, INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France
                [g ]Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, MND Clinic, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
                [h ]Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, Ciberer, Spain
                [i ]Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau – IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
                [j ]Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Obesity Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona - IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
                Author notes
                []Corresponding author. Tel.: +34935565986; Fax: +34935568604. alleo@ 123456santpau.cat
                Article
                S2352-8737(19)30065-4
                10.1016/j.trci.2019.09.005
                6804606
                31650016
                6f0f9aa8-d155-4945-9eac-1087cc1e20ae
                © 2019 The Authors

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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                biomarkers,neuroimaging,alzheimer's disease,frontontemporal dementia,dementia with lewy bodies,neurodegeneration

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