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      Loving-Kindness Meditation and Compassion Meditation: Do They Affect Emotions in a Different Way?

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      Mindfulness
      Springer Science and Business Media LLC

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          What good are positive emotions in crisis? A prospective study of resilience and emotions following the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11th, 2001.

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            Loving-kindness and compassion meditation: potential for psychological interventions.

            Mindfulness-based meditation interventions have become increasingly popular in contemporary psychology. Other closely related meditation practices include loving-kindness meditation (LKM) and compassion meditation (CM), exercises oriented toward enhancing unconditional, positive emotional states of kindness and compassion. This article provides a review of the background, the techniques, and the empirical contemporary literature of LKM and CM. The literature suggests that LKM and CM are associated with an increase in positive affect and a decrease in negative affect. Preliminary findings from neuroendocrine studies indicate that CM may reduce stress-induced subjective distress and immune response. Neuroimaging studies suggest that LKM and CM may enhance activation of brain areas that are involved in emotional processing and empathy. Finally, preliminary intervention studies support application of these strategies in clinical populations. It is concluded that, when combined with empirically supported treatments, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, LKM and CM may provide potentially useful strategies for targeting a variety of different psychological problems that involve interpersonal processes, such as depression, social anxiety, marital conflict, anger, and coping with the strains of long-term caregiving. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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              Open hearts build lives: positive emotions, induced through loving-kindness meditation, build consequential personal resources.

              B. L. Fredrickson's (1998, 2001) broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions asserts that people's daily experiences of positive emotions compound over time to build a variety of consequential personal resources. The authors tested this build hypothesis in a field experiment with working adults (n = 139), half of whom were randomly-assigned to begin a practice of loving-kindness meditation. Results showed that this meditation practice produced increases over time in daily experiences of positive emotions, which, in turn, produced increases in a wide range of personal resources (e.g., increased mindfulness, purpose in life, social support, decreased illness symptoms). In turn, these increments in personal resources predicted increased life satisfaction and reduced depressive symptoms. Discussion centers on how positive emotions are the mechanism of change for the type of mind-training practice studied here and how loving-kindness meditation is an intervention strategy that produces positive emotions in a way that outpaces the hedonic treadmill effect. (c) 2008 APA, all rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                Mindfulness
                Mindfulness
                Springer Science and Business Media LLC
                1868-8527
                1868-8535
                November 2020
                July 31 2020
                November 2020
                : 11
                : 11
                : 2519-2530
                Article
                10.1007/s12671-020-01465-9
                4c1f9ea2-a1f2-441a-b7e0-b264617126e2
                © 2020

                https://www.springer.com/tdm

                https://www.springer.com/tdm

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