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      A Nonspatial Sound Modulates Processing of Visual Distractors in a Flanker Task

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      Attention, perception & psychophysics

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          Abstract

          Successful navigation of information-rich, multimodal environments involves processing of both auditory and visual information. The extent to which information within each modality is processed varies due to many factors, but the influence of auditory stimuli on the processing of visual stimuli in these multimodal environments is not well understood. Previous research has shown that a preceding sound leads to decreased reaction times in visual tasks ( Bertelson, 1967). The current study examines if a non-spatial, task-irrelevant sound additionally alters processing of visual distractors that flank a central target. We utilized a version of a flanker task in which participants responded to a central letter surrounded by two irrelevant flanker letters. When these flankers are associated with a conflicting response, a congruency effect occurs such that reaction time to the target is slowed ( Eriksen & Eriksen, 1974). In two experiments using this task, results showed that a preceding tone caused general speeding of reaction time across flanker types, consistent with alerting. The tone also caused decreased variation in response time. Critically, the tone modulated the congruency effect, with a greater speeding for congruent flankers than for incongruent flankers. This suggests that the influence of flanker identity was more intense after tone presentation, consistent with a nonspatial sound increasing perceptual and/or response-association processing of flanking stimuli.

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          The Psychophysics Toolbox

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            Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task

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              The Psychophysics Toolbox.

              D Brainard (1997)
              The Psychophysics Toolbox is a software package that supports visual psychophysics. Its routines provide an interface between a high-level interpreted language (MATLAB on the Macintosh) and the video display hardware. A set of example programs is included with the Toolbox distribution.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                101495384
                35757
                Atten Percept Psychophys
                Atten Percept Psychophys
                Attention, perception & psychophysics
                1943-3921
                1943-393X
                29 October 2021
                20 October 2020
                February 2021
                01 February 2022
                : 83
                : 2
                : 800-809
                Affiliations
                University of Colorado Denver, Psychology Department
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Cailey Salagovic, Cailey.Salagovic@ 123456ucdenver.edu , Department of Psychology, University of Colorado Denver, Campus Box 173, PO Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217-3364
                Article
                NIHMS1639591
                10.3758/s13414-020-02161-5
                8577790
                33083988
                4bdc1b17-46df-4dd2-bd37-ac6de6aec2e9

                Terms of use and reuse: academic research for non-commercial purposes, see here for full terms. http://www.springer.com/gb/open-access/authors-rights/aam-terms-v1

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                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry

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