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      Black Love, Activism, and Community (BLAC): The BLAC Model of Healing and Resilience

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this article is to describe the Black Love, Activism, and Community (BLAC) model of healing and resilience. The assumption of the BLAC model is that Black activism is inspired and sustained by love and community. Building on empirical research, liberation psychology, and African-centered psychology, the BLAC model identifies four culturally grounded domains of resilience (relationships, spirituality, identity, and active expression) that are hypothesized to serve as protective factors. These domains are also postulated to be critical components of culturally centered healing practices. Within the context of anti-Black racism, it is important to understand how activism can mitigate mental health outcomes among Black activists. The BLAC model also describes culturally centered intervention approaches for healing and wellness. Finally, applications of the BLAC model are discussed.

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          Racism as a Determinant of Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

          Yin Paradies, Jehonathan Ben, Nida Denson … (2015)
          Despite a growing body of epidemiological evidence in recent years documenting the health impacts of racism, the cumulative evidence base has yet to be synthesized in a comprehensive meta-analysis focused specifically on racism as a determinant of health. This meta-analysis reviewed the literature focusing on the relationship between reported racism and mental and physical health outcomes. Data from 293 studies reported in 333 articles published between 1983 and 2013, and conducted predominately in the U.S., were analysed using random effects models and mean weighted effect sizes. Racism was associated with poorer mental health (negative mental health: r = -.23, 95% CI [-.24,-.21], k = 227; positive mental health: r = -.13, 95% CI [-.16,-.10], k = 113), including depression, anxiety, psychological stress and various other outcomes. Racism was also associated with poorer general health (r = -.13 (95% CI [-.18,-.09], k = 30), and poorer physical health (r = -.09, 95% CI [-.12,-.06], k = 50). Moderation effects were found for some outcomes with regard to study and exposure characteristics. Effect sizes of racism on mental health were stronger in cross-sectional compared with longitudinal data and in non-representative samples compared with representative samples. Age, sex, birthplace and education level did not moderate the effects of racism on health. Ethnicity significantly moderated the effect of racism on negative mental health and physical health: the association between racism and negative mental health was significantly stronger for Asian American and Latino(a) American participants compared with African American participants, and the association between racism and physical health was significantly stronger for Latino(a) American participants compared with African American participants. Protocol PROSPERO registration number: CRD42013005464.
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            A multidimensional conceptualization of racism-related stress: implications for the well-being of people of color.

            S Harrell (2000)
            A conceptualization of racism-related stress and its impact on well-being is offered that integrates existing theory and research on racism, multicultural mental health, and the stress process. The conceptualization is relevant to diverse racial/ethnic groups, considers the larger social and historical context, and incorporates attention to culture-based variables that may mediate the relationship between racism and well-being. Implications for intervention are discussed.
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              Perceived racism and mental health among Black American adults: a meta-analytic review.

              A. Munro Neville, A Pieterse, Jennifer Todd … (2011)
              The literature indicates that perceived racism tends to be associated with adverse psychological and physiological outcomes; however, findings in this area are not yet conclusive. In this meta-analysis, we systematically reviewed 66 studies (total sample size of 18,140 across studies), published between January 1996 and April 2011, on the associations between racism and mental health among Black Americans. Using a random-effects model, we found a positive association between perceived racism and psychological distress (r = .20). We found a moderation effect for psychological outcomes, with anxiety, depression, and other psychiatric symptoms having a significantly stronger association than quality of life indicators. We did not detect moderation effects for type of racism scale, measurement precision, sample type, or type of publication. Implications for research and practice are discussed. (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved).
              Article 0 comments Cited 133 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Article has an altmetric score of 70
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Erlanger A. Turner: (View ORCID Profile)
                Journal
                Title: Journal of Black Psychology
                Abbreviated Title: Journal of Black Psychology
                Publisher: SAGE Publications
                ISSN (Print): 0095-7984
                ISSN (Electronic): 1552-4558
                Publication date Created: May 2022
                Publication date (Electronic): June 19 2022
                Publication date (Print): May 2022
                Volume: 48
                Issue: 3-4
                Pages: 547-568
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Pepperdine University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
                Article
                DOI: 10.1177/00957984211018364
                SO-VID: 2d0b0198-887a-4742-aa91-fd3f2615a1e9
                Copyright © © 2022
                License:

                http://journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license

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