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      Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on empathy: A meta-analysis

      systematic-review

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          Abstract

          Empathy is essential for human survival and social interaction. Although mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been used to improve empathy in healthy populations, its therapeutic efficacy remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of MBIs on empathy in a healthy population and the potential factors affecting the efficacy of MBIs. The literature search focused on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CNKI from inception to September 2022. Randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies reporting the effects of using MBIs on empathy in healthy populations were included. A total of 13 studies were included in this review. Results of the meta-analysis showed that MBIs improved empathy (SMD, 0.372, 95% CI, 0.164–0.579, p = 0.001) in the healthy population compared with that in the control group. Moreover, results of the subgroup analysis showed that intervention dose (over 24 h vs. under 24 h), format (online vs. offline), and types (different types) were important factors affecting treatment outcomes. This comprehensive review suggests that MBIs are effective treatment for empathy in healthy population. Future research should markedly focus on large-sample, rigorously designed experiments to explore the long-term effects of MBIs on empathy and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of MBIs. This study provides a reference for the daily application of MBIs.

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          Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses.

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            The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being.

            Mindfulness is an attribute of consciousness long believed to promote well-being. This research provides a theoretical and empirical examination of the role of mindfulness in psychological well-being. The development and psychometric properties of the dispositional Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) are described. Correlational, quasi-experimental, and laboratory studies then show that the MAAS measures a unique quality of consciousness that is related to a variety of well-being constructs, that differentiates mindfulness practitioners from others, and that is associated with enhanced self-awareness. An experience-sampling study shows that both dispositional and state mindfulness predict self-regulated behavior and positive emotional states. Finally, a clinical intervention study with cancer patients demonstrates that increases in mindfulness over time relate to declines in mood disturbance and stress.
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              The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation.

              Research over the past two decades broadly supports the claim that mindfulness meditation - practiced widely for the reduction of stress and promotion of health - exerts beneficial effects on physical and mental health, and cognitive performance. Recent neuroimaging studies have begun to uncover the brain areas and networks that mediate these positive effects. However, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear, and it is apparent that more methodologically rigorous studies are required if we are to gain a full understanding of the neuronal and molecular bases of the changes in the brain that accompany mindfulness meditation.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Psychol
                Front Psychol
                Front. Psychol.
                Frontiers in Psychology
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-1078
                20 October 2022
                2022
                : 13
                : 992575
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shenyang Sport University , Shenyang, China
                [2] 2Rehabilitation Medicine Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou, China
                [3] 3Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport , Shanghai, China
                [4] 4Postgraduate Research Institute, Guangzhou Sport University , Guangzhou, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Marcelo Demarzo, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil

                Reviewed by: Ozge Nilay Yalcin, Simon Fraser University, Canada; Danran Bu, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China

                *Correspondence: Yuling Wang wangyul@ 123456mail.sysu.edu.cn

                This article was submitted to Health Psychology, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology

                †These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship

                Article
                10.3389/fpsyg.2022.992575
                9632989
                36337535
                27be63fd-ab74-4643-aeb4-ef7d1621a500
                Copyright © 2022 Hu, Wen, Wang, Lin, Shi, Yu, Lin and Wang.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 12 July 2022
                : 29 September 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 6, Tables: 2, Equations: 0, References: 72, Pages: 16, Words: 9030
                Categories
                Psychology
                Systematic Review

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                mindfulness,empathy,meditation,randomized controlled trial,meta-analysis

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