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      Insights from social‐ecological systems thinking for understanding and preventing famine

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      Disasters
      Wiley

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          Abstract

          The risk of famine is rising in many countries today. Bold changes to famine information and response systems are urgently needed to improve capacities to prevent famine. To this end, the paper identifies six insights from social‐ecological systems (SES) thinking for understanding and preventing famine. It argues that a state of famine emerges from human–environment interdependencies, complex causality, and non‐linear system dynamics, shaped by history and context. The likelihood of famine can be reduced by strengthening resilience to the diverse stresses and shocks that drive destitution, food insecurity, undernutrition, morbidity, and mortality. SES thinking offers new opportunities to understand the dynamics of famine, diagnose lesser‐known drivers, pinpoint new metrics, ascertain leverage points for intervention, and develop conceptual frameworks to inform policy. SES concepts and methods could also support the development of practical analytical tools to guide decisionmakers on how, where, and when to intervene most effectively and efficiently to strengthen resilience to the drivers of famine.

          مستخلص

          يتزايد خطر المجاعة في العديد من البلدان اليوم، وهناك حاجة ماسة إلى تغييرات جريئة في نُظُم المعلومات والاستجابة للمجاعة لتحسين القدرات على منع المجاعة، ولتحقيق هذه الغاية، حددنا ستة رؤى مستمدة من النُظُم الاجتماعية البيئية توضح المسارات المتنوعة والمعقدة وغير الخطية التي تظهر بها المجاعة، ونحن نرى أن التفكير في النُظُم الاجتماعية البيئية يوفر فرصاً جديدة لفهم ديناميات المجاعة، وتشخيص الدوافع والعمليات، وتحديد نقاط التأثير من أجل التدخل، ووضع إطارات مفاهيمية لتوجيه السياسات، ويمكن لمفاهيم وأساليب النُظُم الاجتماعية البيئية أيضاً أن تدعم تطوير أدوات تحليلية عملية لتوجيه صناع القرار حول كيف وأين ومتى يمكن التدخل بأقصى قدر من الفعالية والكفاءة لتعزيز القدرة على الصمود في مواجهة مسببات المجاعة.

          الكلمات الدالة: نُظُم التكيف المعقدة، المجاعة، نُظُم الإنذار المبكر، الأمن الغذائي، التغذية

          摘要

          如今,许多国家的饥荒风险正在上升。迫切需要对饥荒信息和应对系统进行大胆改革,提高预防饥荒的能力。为此,我们从社会生态系统思维中提炼了六种见解,这些见解标明了饥荒出现的多样化、复杂和非线性路径。我们认为,社会生态系统思维为了解饥荒动态、诊断驱动因素和流程、确定干预支点,以及制定概念框架为政策提供信息打开了新的前景。社会生态系统概念和方法还可以支持实用分析工具的开发,指导决策者如何、何时何地进行最有效的干预,以增强抵御饥荒驱动因素的能力。

          关键词:

          杂的适应系统、饥荒、预警系统、粮食安全、营养

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          Most cited references59

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          Resilience, Adaptability and Transformability in Social-ecological Systems

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            Resilience Thinking: Integrating Resilience, Adaptability and Transformability

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              Leverage points for sustainability transformation.

              Despite substantial focus on sustainability issues in both science and politics, humanity remains on largely unsustainable development trajectories. Partly, this is due to the failure of sustainability science to engage with the root causes of unsustainability. Drawing on ideas by Donella Meadows, we argue that many sustainability interventions target highly tangible, but essentially weak, leverage points (i.e. using interventions that are easy, but have limited potential for transformational change). Thus, there is an urgent need to focus on less obvious but potentially far more powerful areas of intervention. We propose a research agenda inspired by systems thinking that focuses on transformational 'sustainability interventions', centred on three realms of leverage: reconnecting people to nature, restructuring institutions and rethinking how knowledge is created and used in pursuit of sustainability. The notion of leverage points has the potential to act as a boundary object for genuinely transformational sustainability science.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Disasters
                Disasters
                Wiley
                0361-3666
                1467-7717
                July 2024
                March 05 2024
                July 2024
                : 48
                : 3
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Senior Research Fellow University of Exeter United Kingdom
                [2 ] Director, Centre for Humanitarian Change Kenya
                Article
                10.1111/disa.12621
                38441338
                25f74c97-3952-4057-8058-3802e5337a16
                © 2024

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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