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      Suicide stigma and suicide literacy among Bangladeshi young adults: a cross-sectional study

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Suicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Owing to poor suicide literacy, people are not aware of the consequences of the suicide stigma, which may affect individuals. This study aimed to examine the status of suicide stigma and literacy among young adults in Bangladesh.

          Methods

          This cross-sectional study included 616 male subjects and female subjects residing in Bangladesh aged between 18 and 35 years who were invited to complete an online survey. Suicide literacy and suicide stigma among the respondents were assessed by using the validated Literacy of Suicide Scale and Stigma of Suicide Scale, respectively. Other independent variables that have been found to affect suicide stigma or literacy were included in this study based on prior research. Correlation analysis was used to assess the relationships between the study's main quantitative variables. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess factors affecting suicide stigma and suicide literacy, respectively, after controlling for covariates.

          Results

          The mean literacy score was 3.86. The participants' mean scores in the stigma, isolation, and glorification subscale were 25.15, 14.48, and 9.04, respectively. Suicide literacy was negatively associated with stigmatizing attitudes ( p = 0.005). Male subjects, unmarried/divorced/widowed, less educated (below HSC), smokers, less exposure to suicide, and respondents with chronic mental illness had lower suicide literacy and more stigmatizing attitudes.

          Conclusion

          The findings suggest that addressing suicide literacy and stigma by developing and executing awareness programs on suicide and mental health among young adults may increase knowledge, decrease stigma, and hence prevent suicide among this population.

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          Most cited references50

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          Developmental Science in the 21st Century: Emerging Questions, Theoretical Models, Research Designs and Empirical Findings

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            Suicidal thoughts and behaviors and social isolation: A narrative review of the literature

            Social isolation is one of the main risk factors associated with suicidal outcomes. The aim of this narrative review was to provide an overview on the link between social isolation and suicidal thoughts and behaviors.
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              A comparison of young, middle-aged, and older adult treatment-seeking pathological gamblers.

              Pathological gambling is an increasing public health concern, but very little is known about this disorder in older adults. This study evaluated gambling and psychosocial problems across age groups in treatment-seeking gamblers. At intake to gambling treatment programs, 343 pathological gamblers completed the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) and gambling questionnaires. Participants were categorized by age into young adults (ages 18-35 years; n = 97), middle-aged adults (ages 36-55 years, n = 197), and older adults (aged older than 55 years, n = 49). Differences in demographics, gambling variables, and ASI composite scores were compared across the groups. The middle- and older age gamblers were more likely to be female (45%-55%) than were the younger gamblers (23%), but the groups were similar with respect to most other demographic variables. When controlled for gender, older age was associated with increased employment problems, but fewer social, legal, and substance-abuse difficulties. Compared with middle-aged gamblers, older gamblers wagered on fewer days. Age x Gender effects emerged in onset of gambling problems and amount spent gambling. Older women did not begin gambling regularly until an average age of 55 years, whereas older male gamblers generally reported a lifelong history of gambling. The older female gamblers also wagered the greatest amounts in the month prior to treatment entry. These data suggest that older adults compose a minority of treatment-seeking gamblers, but differences in psychosocial problems across the age groups may suggest the need for interventions tailored to particular issues encountered by older pathological gamblers. Specifically, treatments focusing on later life development of problems may be indicated for older female gamblers.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Front Psychiatry
                Front Psychiatry
                Front. Psychiatry
                Frontiers in Psychiatry
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                1664-0640
                12 May 2023
                2023
                : 14
                : 1160955
                Affiliations
                Department of Public Health, North South University , Dhaka, Bangladesh
                Author notes

                Edited by: Sheikh Shoib, Directorate of Health Services Kashmir (DHSK), India

                Reviewed by: Prakash Ghosh, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR), Bangladesh; Md. Utba Bin Rashid, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR), Bangladesh; Mosharop Hossian, The University of Queensland, Australia; Md. Abdullah Saeed Khan, National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine (NIPSOM), Bangladesh

                *Correspondence: Azaz Bin Sharif azaz.sharif@ 123456northsouth.edu
                Article
                10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1160955
                10213423
                37252136
                21781633-43d7-4283-81c4-95a8c389a2b5
                Copyright © 2023 Jahan, Sharif and Hasan.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 07 February 2023
                : 13 April 2023
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 5, Equations: 0, References: 56, Pages: 11, Words: 8157
                Categories
                Psychiatry
                Original Research
                Custom metadata
                Public Mental Health

                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                suicide stigma,suicide literacy,young adults,suicide,adults
                Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                suicide stigma, suicide literacy, young adults, suicide, adults

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